Studies On The Brahmo Samaj Of Modern India And It's Reform Activities

The Brahmo Samaj, as the pioneer reform community of India in the process of religion and social reform movement in 19th century, its'development and reform activities reflected how Indian society transform herself from tradition to modern society. This thesis starts from the social background and historical conditions which the Brahmo Samaj was born, then focuses on the development and social reform activities of the Brahmo Samaj, and analyze its' characteristics and influence.This paper investigates the late 18th to early 19th century Hinduism and India social conditions, points out the British colonial rule changed nature and structure of Indian society and shocked the lifeless Hinduism and rigid Indian Hindu society while the traditional education had to face with challenges. These provided social forces and history reasons for the emergence and reform of the Brahmo Samaj.Then illustrate Rammohan Roy's reform efforts in early 19th century, the creation of the Brahmo Samaj and its'early social reform activities, Rammohan Roy's thinking laid the theory foundation of samajes'reform, the Brahmo Samaj was an embryo at this stage.The Brahmo Samaj's continue to developing and also schism after Rammohan Roy, Debendranath Tagore perfected this community's organization and focus on reforms in the religion sphere, after the first schism, the Brahmo Samaj of India under the change of Keshub Chandra Sen expanded rapidly and covered the whole country, but also made itself coming out of the orthodox communities. The Sadharan Brahmo Samaj after the second schism was more focused on social and educational fields'reforms and got achievements.The last part analyzed the Brahmo Samaj's nature, it's characteristics and influence. As one of the most important part of the Socio-religious movements in British India, Brahmo Samaj's development and reform activities reflect the characteristics of the earlier movement were exploring while reforming, even though the reform range is limited, it's reforms shocked the backward religion system and social customs, had a enlighten impact in thought and ideology with other reform community, and also promoted the transform of India from tradition to modernization.