Philosophical Reflections On Modernity

Modernity is a realistic problem which closely interconnected with various national modernizations. With the development of globalization, the capitalist modernity established since modern enlightenment did not realize their wishes, but full range of criticism, so a postmodern era is approaching. In the process of reflection, scholars held different opinions, some held positive attitude, others negative. How to choose the coexisting era of modernism and post-modernism, how to adhere to the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, is an important realistic issue for scholars.The introduction part, from globalizational perspectives, illustrates the present situation of academic research on modernity, puts forward my own research questions and theoretical attitude.The first chapter using the method of etymology analysis and cross-discipline, analyzes modern, modernism, modernization and the relations between them, which has a comprehensive understanding to modernity. Modernity is the essence of modern society, has time consciousness, and also contains their understanding, reflection and construction of consciousness.The second chapter uses comparison method, under the framework of the rational, absorbing Webb, Frankfurt school, post-modernism and other relevant modernity thoughts. They analyzed the modern society set up by rational principles since the enlightenment, from neutrality, support, or opposite. Based on these theories, the present paper analyzes them from dialectical perspective, critically points out its rationality and limitation.The third chapter illustrates that only Marxism can guide China's practice, by analyzing ideological modernity of Marxism and the internal transcendence.The fourth chapter puts theory into practice. For these problems existing in the development of contemporary Chinese society, I try to find a reasonable way to crack. we should arouse modern subject consciousness, human-based instead of rationalization, and realize political modernization, promote the mature civil society; to make economic modernization, improve socialist market economy; realize culture modernization and construct socialist harmonious culture.