Studying On The Zouyi During Hongwu In Ming Dynasty

Zouyi was one important means of the ancient courtiers intervening reality,participating in politics and discussing of state affairs with characters as carrier.It reflected the ancient many aspects,such as politics, economy,military and culture,with high historical value and understanding of value.During Hongwu in Ming Dynasty,there had been an unprecedented and a high degree of strengthening of authoritarian rule situation in Chinese history,and political interference was particularly evident in literature. In this context, the creation of Zouyi displayed some uniqueness. In its content,Hongwu Zouyi mainly focused on discussing of state affairs,impeaching,praising and felicitating,stating catastrophes, begging retirements and expressing kindness.The recommendation Zouyi were less than the impeachment ones.In distinction of its fuctions,it can be divided into the Zouyi before the events,the Zouyi after the events and the Zouyi of following the imperial edicts.In style form,it mainly focused on Biao,Shu,Fengshi,Ce, its Kinds little. In stylistic features,Hongwu Zouyi in the institutional structure,language style,presentation,content and function reflect the unique nature:system grand,structure clear; language plain,style elegant;many argument and discussion,with little lyrical; practicability fortissimo,artistic low. This unique showed Zouyi the signs of decline.However, there were still some good works of Zouyi during this period. As a typical representative of scholars during Hongwu period,Zouyi of Song Lian was introverted,and Xie Jin's Zouyi was upright.Their styles were different,which was closely related their different identities and different experiences.Song Lian was always loyalty for the service the emperor(Zhuyuanzhang),and Xie Jin always use blunt words to remonstrate,but they should have turned out so badly.Their tragedy represented the scholars'ubiquitous tragedy during Hongwu period,even represented the whole scholars'tragedy of the Ming Dynasty.