Saul Bellow, American renowned Jewish writer, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1976 in recognition of his humane understanding and subtle analysis of contemporary culture. This thesis makes a study on the theme of Saul Bellow's novels under the background of western literary history. The study can be divided into the following three levels. First, the crisis-ridden world in the view of cultural transformation. An analysis of the situation of human self-losing, frustration and helplessness in the crisis-ridden world. Second, the ever-lasting theme"salvation". The guilty"souls"in Saul Bellow's novels explore the ego, the inner heart, and life, which reveals that there is the optimism aspect in modern people's tragic life. Finally, the antinomy of cultural redemption. An analysis of a series of image of deliverers who bear no guarantee of their own in Saul Bellow's novels.
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