The Study About Master Chu's Idea Of Moral Mind And Human Mind

Master Chu's idea of moral mind and human mind plays an important role in his theory. Actually there is much room to study in his above thought. This essay, based on some scholars such as Ch'ien Mu, Tang Jun-yi and Cheng Lai, tries to reappear Chu's view of moral mind and human mind.There are four parts in this article except preface. The first section deals with the text problem of category on moral mind and human mind. It is well known that the classic ground of Chu's idea in "Counsels of Great Yu" in The Book of History that had been Proved false. "The human mind is precarious, the mind of Tao is subtle; aspire only to the refined and the one, hold firm to the ultimate commitment to equilibrium." However, We can't defy its value and significance. Chu's paying attention to "the transmission of the mind from Yao and shun" is not historical but philosophical. The thought has independent meaning and we should carry out philosophical analysis and explore its history and some other aspects of the theory.In the second section, I study the historical development of Chu's idea which experienced thirty years. Hense, it is an important angle to reappear the course. Chu's forerunner exerted much influence on his thought, especially the Ch'eng brothers who equal to heavenly principle, the selfish desire and mind of Tao and mind of human. According to this essay, there are three stages in Chu's view. Namely, the exploring stage in his adolescent, the deeping stage in his middle year and the maturing stage in his old age. His idea in adolescent still he in the state of spontaneous, so is his middle age. His idea got the independent development in the letter "To Cheng Tong-fu of the eighth" which established the outline and had great effect, while there were some sorts of conflicts in this writing. Chu's maturing view embody mainly in preface to The Doctrine of the Mean and Note in Counsels of Great Yu in The Book of History, especially the former.The third section narrates some close parts to Chu's idea . First, I expound Chu's metaphisics, which is theory of the principle and the matter force . Second, I explain his theory of mind and nuture. Finally, I elucidate the theory of principle and desire, and point out that the real meaning of human desire is the selfish desire, which helps todeepen Chu's thought.In the fourth section, Chu's idea had gotten its length. In the course of analysis, I intepret moral mind and human mind. In this article, I find some new date and examine systematically and prove that they are not line in Chu's real meaning. I check wholly and historically the relation between moral mind, human mind and heavenly principle,the selfish desire. Master Chu believed that moral mind could exist with human mind, but not the case of heavenly principle and human desire. The moral mind is originally good, while the human mind is precarious and liable to make mistakes, there are two ways based on the human mind, namely, moral mind or heavenly principle and the selfish desire. The human mind is the basis, and the realization of heavenly principle and the selfish desire must fulfil on the human mind. This essay puts forward to a kind of theory pattern that is "moral mind order and human mind obey " and answers some problems about it.The last part is the summary of this essay.