Jiang Jie And His Zhu Shan Ci

Jiang Jie was a famous poet at the end of Song Dynasty and the early age of Yuan Dynasty. He became very famous by his ci at the same time with Liu Chenweng, but the record of his life was less known. Jiang Jie refused to be promoted in politics at the Yuan Dynasty. His moral standing obtained unanimous favorable comment .Chen Tingzhuo praised him "a person with high moral standing"; Kuang Zhouyi commended him "self-disciplined all the life ", but his Zhu Shan Ci was either appraised or criticized by the ci critics during different times. The style and origin of his ci were also quite disputed. In this article I plan to regard these questions as the center, make an overall and deeply analysis to his Zhu Shan Ci.The full article divides into four parts. In the first part, I study the record of his life, especially pay close attention to his living conditions at the Yuan Dynasty. By analyzing several materials seldom noticed by others, draw the conclusion: Jiang Jie lived in seclusion and roved at the areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang at the Yuan Dynasty. He once taught at a private school in Changzhou, once became an auger, and got back to his homeland Changzhou to settle down in his old age. Living at the bottom of the society was the reason that he had no communication with famous poets such as Zhou Mi, Zhang Yan and Wang Yisun etc at that time. It's also the reason that his ci was different in content and style from the three others.In the second part, I make an overall and deeply analysis on the content and subject matter of Zhu Shan Ci. Its subject matter is extensive, abundant in the content, the thought of the pain caused by the ruin of Song Dynasty is carried out. I divide Zhu Shan Ci into five kinds according to the content and subject matter: l.The ci which describes his expressions of the ruin of Song Dynasty and his life experience. It is the essence of Zhu Shan Ci; 2. The ci which describes the season and festival mourning the past; 3.The ci which chant things having anchorage. 4. Characteristic longevity ci; 5. Fresh and lively ci.We can find anchorage in his chant thing ci, season and festival ci or longevity ci. His ci which describes the life minor matters, having lucid elegant, natural language, rich delight of light, is the special characteristic of Zhu Shan Ci. It injects a slim chance of survival into the ci forum at the end of Song Dynasty.In the third part, I make an accurate and objective appraisal of the style of ZhuShan Ci. The style always had a quite dispute: Zhu Yizun thought Zhu Shan got source from Bai Shi, while Chen Tingzhuo thought Zhu Shan was one of dependencies to Jia Xuan. These two theories happen in the contemporary scholars view on this question. Jiang Jie followed many teachers, learned widely from others' strong points, but the ci critics often only focus on one point, each holds one end, fails to make objective and accurate appraisal on the style of Zhu Shan Ci. I think that Zhu Shan is neither the Jiang group nor the Xin group, but melts the advantages of the two groups, has the style of his own. The ci which express the pain caused by the ruin of Song Dynasty, life experience in the light language, hit solemnly and stirringly and reside indifferent to fame; The ci which describes the scenery is clear and sparse; The ci which describes the life minor matter is natural, elegant, lucid and interesting. The forming of the style of Zhu Shan Ci is closely related to the era that he was in and personal psychological characteristics.In the fourth part: By the contribution he made in such aspects as style, language, system in the Zhu Shan Ci, I make an objective and historic appraisal to Jiang Jie. Having a style of his own, Jiang Jie is worthy of the tile "Four great ci poets at the end of Song Dynasty". At last, I discuss the influence of his moral standing, characteristic and style of the ci to the poets, especially to the ci poets of Yangxian group.In summary, Jiang Jie's Zhu Shan Ci offers as a gift to the people's miserable and lonely mental state and other sorts...