The Liao Dynastical Human Skulls From Yeluyuzhi Cemetery In Aluke'erqin Banner, Inner Mongolia

Yeluyuzhi cemetery lies in Chaoketu Mountain, Aluke'erqinBanner, Chifeng city, Inner Mongolia. It was built in the period of LiaoDynasty. Carrying on the anthropological analysis of the race to thebone material unearthed from the graves, which will offer the newmaterial for the research of the resident's physical characteristics andrace system of the Qidan nationality. It also will offer some importantanthropological evidence of a respect of anthropology for thearchaeological studies of studying ancient cultures in this area. The article could be divided into four parts: First, the preface: the general situations of Yeluyuzhi cemeteryof Liao Dynasty and the purposes of the paper were introduced. Second, observation and measurement: in this text, the authorobserves and measures 8 skulls of unearthed from Yeluyuzhi graves,which can be suit for anthropology research. Have done simpleintroduction to the pathology and wound that existed on the skull.Synthesizing the form characteristic of male skulls, most of them haveshort and wide head. Mostly have the round skulls, among them theircranial index are mostly hyperbrachycephal and ultrabrachycephaltype. Generally, the cranial length-height indexes of the head arehypsicephalic type, and the majority of cranial breadth-height index on 29head are apeinocrany type. Almost all, the morphological upper facialindex are meseny, and the transversal frontoparietal indexes of themare stenometor. The projection of arcus superciliaris are chieflythereinafter middling type. The processus mastoideus andprotuberantia occipitalis esterna neither is developing. For the mostpart, the orbit shapes are ellipse and squareness, and the orbital indexare chamaeconchy . Some of them are no fossa canina, others aremiddling, the nasion depressions are all very fleet, and the nasalindexes are mostly leptorrhiny. The naso-malar angles are all great. Ina word, the female skulls and male skulls of Yeluyuzhi crania arecompared, there are a few differences in some characteristics, andothers are similar to the male skulls. Therefore there are no differencesin the crowd, which are represented by female skulls and male skullsin the essential category ingredients; they are all belonging to AsiaMongolia human race. Third, compare and analyze: Compare the group of Yeluyuzhiwith the every regional type of the Mongolian races. The result showsthat Yeluyuzhi crania is the most similar group to North AsiaticMongoloids, and there are some resembles with Eastern AsiaticMongoloids on the anthropology characteristic, but there are manydifferences with Northeast Asiatic Mongoloids and South AsiaticMongoloids. For another, madding use of methods of the multitude statisticalanalysis and the Euclidean distance analysis, Yeluyuzhi crania is 30compared with neoteric crania. The most resemble crania areMongolian crania, then the Korea crania, but with South China craniaand North China crania and Inuit crania, there are many differences. Finally, 11 ancient crania are selected which are similar toYeluyuzhi crania in time, space or culture for the sake of furtherinquiry into the correlation between Yeluyuzhi crania and other ancientcrania, and then for inquiring into archeology culture a substantialevidence for of relation providing anthropology. The conclusion is thatthe closest group is Xiaoshihouzu crania, then the Sandaowan crania.In addition, Yeluyuzhi crania together with Chaoyangxianbei crania,Shanzuizi crania, Nanyangjiayingzi crania have obvious consistencycomparatively at physical type. However, Shuiquan crania, Wangong crania, Guanmashan crania,especially the super stratum of Xiajiadian Crania apart comparativelyat this text relation between samples. They have heavy differencerelatively with the res...