The Historical Research Of Soviet-Jewish Emigration In The 1970's

Since Soviet Government sanctioned the emigration of the first group of jewry to Israel, the jewry in Soviet have began to apply for visas constantly, which has formed some scale at the end of the 1960s until the end of the 70s,this movement reached its summit.The issue on jewry emigrants has been ignored for a long time. Some research has been made in other countries. However, till now, nobody has touched on this issue systematically at home.Concerning the issue on jewry emigration in 20 century 70s,this passage is divided into three parts-the introduction, the text and the conclusion, which constitute an organic unit. It is demonstrated briefly the importance of the research on the issue in this passage and It proposes some problems. Meanwhile, it defines the history period about this issue and makes some introduction on the research at home and abroad. All the above establish foundation for the spreading of the whole text.The text can be divided into 4 chapters. The first chapter analyses the history generalization of jewry in Soviet and the forming of this issue. This chapter looks back its general situation of Soviet jewry in history from the end of the 19th century to the end of the 1970s,as well as their political ,economic and educational situation. The Soviet Governmental policy on jewry and its anti-jewry movements are also reviewed. In addition, this chapter analyzes the history reasons for the summit of Soviet Emigration.The second chapter reviews the motivation of jewry emigration. The motivation of Soviet jewry living before 20 century 70s is firstly reviewed. During this period, the jewish emigrants in Soviet mainly came from the fringe region. They were influenced greatly by the idea of Zionism, which can be illustrated by the fact that most of them settled down in Israel, while the jewry living in the central part of Soviet, who were educated well with good professions, were influenced little by the idea of Zionism .Because of the policy of Stalinization put forward by Brezhnev after he came into power, these jewry became losing their confidence in the democratizing of political life, which was the motivation for them to emigrate. The following partinvolves the change of the motivation for Soviet jewry.The third chapter refers to the scale and direction of these jewry. Firstly, it deals with the rate of jewry emigrants in Soviet in 20 century 70s and analyzes the reflection from Soviet Government on jewry emigration and the concrete means to control the emigration scale. Moreover, it refers to the influence caused by western countries as well as the reasons for the low tide of the emigration movement from 1975 to 1977. Next it reviews the influences on the emigration direction caused by the Rescue Organization of jewish emigration. At last, it refers to the relation between the differences of jewry in different regions and the choice for the emigration direction.The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the influences on Soviet national social life and the relationship between America and Soviet.The conclusion points out that the problems of jewry in Soviet has not been worked out. Jewry there have been depressed for ages, which brings the result that their nationalism becomes more serious. They have been departed from the country both in spirit and in morals, becoming a precarious element. The exotic forces of western countries ,making use of the emigration move and the dissident movement, open a breach for them to get into Soviet Reformation by the excuse of protect' free emigrants' and ' human rights'. On this point, the issue of jewry emigration plays a leading part in the confusion of peoole' s mind in the early days of reform and evolution appearing later.