A Study On The Armament Construction Of National Defence Of Nanjing Kuomintang Government (1931～1937)

The armament construction of national defence is the important messaure that a country enhances rigime and keeps from aggression . After the Marchuria Accident,the Nanjing Kuomingtang government took a series of armament constructions of national defence to resist the Japanese aggression ,this thesis try to have a systematic research on it according to four parts. Part one,the theoriesof armament construction of national defence of during the Nanjing Kuomingtang government. Both ChiangKaishek and Jangbaili and Yangjie put forward a series of armament constructions of national defence thoughts. Chiang Kaishek,s thoughts include the thought of the material construction going along with the ideological construction; the thought of setting up the national defence construction and resisting Japanese aggression at any time .of course, the thought of "pressing the internal before resisting the external"had a bad effect. Before the Anti-Japanese War, Jangbaili put forward his famous three levels of thoughts of national defence construction, ie, the power of country, forces and army. but Yangjie not only put forward comprehensive national defence construction thought but also advanced his view of three basic parts, ie,manly, material and mixed elements. the three men's some thoughts were been taken by government and made a positive effect. Part two, the stage of the armament constrution of national defence. According to the degree of the constrution, it can be divided into two stages by the sign of the Kuomingtang Fifth National Congress, the former is negative stage and it had no real construction,but the latter is positive stage and it had many achievments. Part three,the main contents of the armament construction of national defence, it includes following five parts. By reorganizing land force,navy and air force, the Kuomintang government established its troops foundation of the Anti-Japanese War basically.The construction of national defence stabled the heart of the national troops and people and prevented Japanese aggression to some degree. The unification of army logistics provided some supplies in wartime. The development and unification of national defence strategy resources and the replenishment of national defence industry reinforced the strength of national defence industry. The implementation of the system of conscription changed from the enlistment practised for many years to the conscription,which had a great effect in the history of the army foundation of China. Part four, the avaluation of the national defence armament construction. it indeed had a positive effect to resist the Japanese aggression at the begining of The Anti-Japan War. However, it should be affirmative on the whole in spite of its weakness .