On The Emergence, The Developing And The Characteristics Of Chinese Ancient Townspeople's Aesthetic Culture

As time goes by and as culture evolves Chinese aesthetics enriches and perfects itself through self-repairing, especially under the improving of Chinese-western aesthetics and ancient-modern aesthetics the aesthetic research about popular culture and townspeople's culture develops, at the same time the research about Chinese ancient townspeople's aesthetic culture rises. Chinese ancient townspeople's aesthetic culture was formed from the literature and art which cherished by the townspeople, and it crystallized the townspeople's aesthetic taste and aesthetic ideal, concentrated their feel and appreciation about beauty, life and existence.The subject of Chinese ancient townspeople's aesthetic culture is townspeople. As a kind of especial group Chinese ancient townspeople differentiated themselves from farmer because they didn't work on agriculture and were literate. Chinese ancient townspeople were composed of middle-low stratum such as small retailers, employees and arts, and they differentiated themselves from high officials because they hadn't distinguished official position nor ample economic strength. Although they were almost literate and bore any national cultural tradition, they differentiated themselves from literati because what they learned was superficial knowledge. Therefore to compare to village farmer, high officials and noble lords and literati Chinese ancient townspeople had their own cultural taste, aesthetic ideal and artistic pursuit. This essay tries to analyze the townspeople's aesthetic culture and their appealing culture and art in order to research the townspeople's aesthetic consciousness, aesthetic ideal and aesthetic experience, etc., and sum up the aesthetic connotation of Chinese ancient townspeople's aesthetic culture.This essay will be conducted by dialectical materialism and historical materialism, and combine theoretical research with particular case, combine macroscopic observation with microscopic observation. At the same time this essay will base on aesthetic sociology, research many phenomena of Chinese ancient townspeople's aesthetic culture concentrating on aesthetic culture, inspect the especial inner connotation of Chinese ancient townspeople's aesthetic culture within the scope of aesthetic morphology, and recover the characteristics and mechanism of aesthetic subject conducting by aesthetic psychology.Chinese ancient townspeople's aesthetic culture emerged in Song Dynasty. The development of commodity economy and cities improved the development of townspeople, and the townspeople's demand of spiritual culture improved the thriving of city culture. At the same time, the popularization of Chinese ancient aesthetic culture also fostered the development of townspeople's culture. Then in Song Dynasty art which represented townspeople's taste...