The Separation Movement In The Fourth Nationalism Tide

The nationalism is one of the most important factors which affect the advancement of the world contemporary history. There have already formed four worldwide nationalism tides since nationalism has been produced. The main manifestation of the fourth nationalism tide was the national separation movement.The so-called national separation is a social political activity in the multinational country which the non-main body nationality removes the extant national jurisdiction outside the region scope where his national members'live. Former Soviet Union and the Eastern European area are the most active areas in this national separation tide. Soviet Union divides into 15 nations and Yugoslavia divides into five nations. Furthermore, there have had the further separation requests in these new independent countries. The national separation movement in these areas spread rapidly to the whole world, which causes the original separation movement to intensify and the new separation movement to come into being. The national separation has become the most serious and the most main national question.According to the different separation goal, the national separation can divide into three types: the independent, the returned and the polymerized. The independent type refers to the non-main body nationality seeks for separating from the existing multinational country and founds himself independent sovereign state, like Quebec separation question. The returned type refers to the non-main body nationality seeks for separating from the existing multinational country and returns to his national matrix state, like Northern Ireland separation question. The polymerized type refers to the non-main body nationality that lives scatteredly in many nations seeks for separating from the respective countries and establishes himself national sovereign state through the polymerization way, like Kurd question.In this nationalism tide, the spring up of the national separation movement has complex reasons. The theoretical reason is that the extreme nationalist uses the national self-determination principle to advocate a race country. The historical reasons are the historical sequela of colonialism and other national gratitude and grudges which formed in the process of historical development. The realistic reasons are varied, such as the centralism exposition of the pent-up national questions while the two-pole pattern disintegrated, the imbalance of the political economical culture development, the policy faults of certain nations and so on.The national separation movement has following characteristics: the densely religious color, the severely violent tendency, the frequently external force interference and so on. Thus the national separation is one kind of the nationalism which has the most destructive power. Looked from the national interior, it has seriously hindered the related nations'social and economic development. Looked from the international scope, it harms the relations between countries and causes the turbulence of the international society .In China, there also has the national separation question such as the Xinjiang independent separation and Tibetan independence separation. It has threatened our national security. The activity bases of the Xingjiang and Tibetan independence are mainly in overseas. They have received the international anti-Chinese influence support. Thus we should beat these independent national influences from two aspects. From the international aspect, we must prevent the interference of the external force and defend our sovereignty to be independent. We must strengthen the international cooperation and beat separatist groups. From the domestic aspect, we must deal well with the centralization and divides power and maintain the authorities of the central committee. Furthermore, we need to formulate the appropriate developmental strategy and accelerate the development of the multi-national area and national minorities. We must oppose the big-national chauvinism and the local nationalism and advocate the consciousness of "Chinese nation".