Subjective Valuation In Affective Decision Making Process Of 3～5-year-old Children

The developmental researches in affective decision making field often take the view that to see the decision making as a kind of capacity. But for the complexity of the capacity background of affective decision making itself, which induced that some usually used patterns for children's affective decision making are not purely reflect the capacity level of their affective decision making. Father more, in adults decision making field which open this topic in many years, they usually take the view of behavioral decision making. Differences of the two kinds of researching views block the portrait comparison between the kids and adults.In this research, we take the view of behavioral decision making. By measured and observed the subjective valuation in the process of 3～5-year-old children's affective decision making, we explored the characters of children's affective decision making in this age stage. Experiment design according to the normal theory model which used in the researching of decision making process. We measured two dimensionalities of subjective valuation in 3～5-year-old children's affective decision making. One is model of machining the other one is equilibrium of machining.In the first experiment, in order to measure the machining equilibrium of children's subjective valuation, we directly created a scene of "exchange". And the "price" of exchange decided by child itself. We hope the different ways to show out stimulus could create the different scenes of decision making and let children show the different valuation behaviors. Those 5 coins which we gave could see as a 5 points scale. The "valuation" behavior was a scoring process which use the 5 points scale to scoring the stimulus. In that way, the characters of children's affective decision making could be observed from the lay of behavior. That was the research of machining model of children's subjective valuation.In the second experiment, in order to observe the machining equilibrium, we tried to divide the effects which the affective factors and the calculative factors put on the children's subjective valuation. Let children through a sequence of choice behaviors rather than directly spoke out to showed whether there was a partiality in their process of subjective valuation or not. That was the research of machining equilibrium of children's subjective valuation.The results show that 3～5-year-old children's subjective valuation activity affected by the affective factors and the calculative factors interactive effect, and the degree of abundance of affective information would affect children's subjective valuation to the stimulus. This model of decision making is very similar to the model of adults. In general, when 3～5-year-old children doing subjective valuation they all would notice the information from affective factors more and especially the 3-year-old kids.