A Study On Symmetrical And Asymmetrical Phenomenon About The Verb-object Structure "Shang /Xia"

Related the symmetrical and asymmetrical phenomenon about the verb-object structure"上/下", the predecessor has the elaboration.This text fore theperson's research foundation up,made the "上/下" structure dissymmetry phenomenon of object to carry on depiction and language righteousness to categorize to word's etc,and as to it's do the theories and metaphor theories etc. of the usage marking carry on understanding to release.The full text includes preface to have five parts totally:The first part, definitioned "上/下"to move guest structure first,then moved the research result of verb-object structure to carry on to say all to relevant"上/下", pointed out to need the problem of research,the research result general expected ago was limited by from the space factor, mental and subjective factor etc. single angle of investigation,expect behind of although the research result led to go into cognition and metaphor theories, finished covering the dissymmetry phenomenon of all"上/下" not and possibly.The end was explicit the textual research object, theories method and language anticipate source.The second part, is move guest structure to"上/下" for word to make object symmetry with the dissymmetry phenomenal investigation.This is the biggest part that this text space have, is also the point of article.It includes:"上/下+专有处所名词", "上/下+一般处所名","上/下+一般指物名词", "上/下+抽象名词" is particularlyfour kinds of phenomenal of investigation."上/下+专有处所名词" part, we to have"上" didn't "下", have to"下" have no"上" and the form is symmetry but meaning dissymmetry these three kinds of phenomenons carried on an investigation, and have dwelling place word to carry on distributing the depiction of condition particularly towards canning get into shoulding structurally of, get"上" of three kinds of meanings:The form"from low arrive high" of上1, the form"go to, arrive" of上2, the form"mentally of from low arrive high, society of from owe flourishing arrive flourishing, on the political from non- center arrive center ground" of上3;two kinds of meanings"下":The form"from high arrive low"下1, the form"people mentally of from eminence arrive low place, society from flourishing arrive owe flourishing, is on the political arrived non- center by center"下2."上/下+一般处所名词" part, we to"上" with"下" symmetry phenomenon and have"上" didn't "下", have to"下" have no"上", the form is symmetry but meaning dissymmetry these four kinds of phenomenons carried on an investigation, get"上" of three kinds of meanings, "下" of four kinds of meanings.Among them, "上" of three kinds of meanings with have dwelling place word the part particularly"上" of meaning homology, but"下" of meaning in addition to include to have dwelling place word particularly part"下" of meaning, also have two kinds of more special meanings:The form"particular purposerighteousness"下3 with the form"the only particular purpose righteousness"下4."上/下+一般指物名词" part is more complicated, in addition to symmetry phenomenon with have"上" didn't "下", have to"下" have no"上", the form is symmetry but meaning dissymmetry phenomenon, also meaningfully symmetry but form dissymmetry phenomenon.Pass an investigation, we get"上" of five kinds of meanings:The form"action of incline to" of上1, incline to the form"fine thing or the behavior" of上2, on the form"the quantity come to an a more degree but caused quality to change"上3, the form"from low arrive high" of上4, the form"society or mentally of from low arrive high" of上5;Three kinds of meanings"descend"ing:The form"from high arrive low"下1, the form"social ethics morals or mental state cognition up of from high arrive low"下2, incline to the form"not good thing or the behavior" to下3."上/下+抽象名词" is part of, exists two kinds of phenomenon:Have"上""下"ed and have already"下"ed to have no"上"."上" is also more pure with the meaning"下":"下""上" the tendency form"fine thing" the form"mentally from high arrive low".The third part is "上/下" which makes object to the phrase, amount phrase of the verb, generation to move guest structure symmetry with the investigation of dissymmetry phenomenon.Because phrase and amount phrase of the verb, generation can get into a structural mount little, the usage frequency is low, the inner part is also more pure, so this text's putting together three parts.The verb makes object part, existing symmetry phenomenon and having"上" didn't "下", have to"下" have no"上" of phenomenon."上" have two kinds of meanings:上1 and上2, "下" to also have two kinds of meanings:下1 and下2 .Can get into structural verb also is a monosyllabic verb basically.The generation phrase makes object part, the phenomenon of the existence"上+代词", and can get into structural generation a phrase only have one type, namely watch dwelling place of"this", "that" designation generation that constitute phrase, have 7 totally, respectively BE:Here, there, where, there, there, here, this place.The amount phrase makes object part, the existence includes"上""下" with a type of special phenomenon"不下+数量词"."上" of meaning and the meaning of"不下" are more close, is all form"measure of big".Can get into structural few phraseses are cardinal numbers generally and all, measure a phrase also is a thing to measure a phrase generally and all.Four-part cent is the theories analysis which moves the guest structure dissymmetry phenomenon to"上/下".This text is comprehensive to make use of theories and culture, mental analysis of the marking theories, cognition and directions metaphor, making "上/下" of object to move to phrase and amount phrase of the word, verb, generation the dissymmetry phenomenon that the guest structure appears carried on reasonable of analysis.The fifth part is remaining ory.Our synopsis ground explained a textual research value with some helps, mainly is at outward Chinese language teaching aspect, this text can provide of foundation help.Tallied up textual shortage finally, put forward still treating to continue the problem for studying.