The Study Of "Shang(上)/Xia(下)+N" Structure From Variant Perspectives

By investigating the matching of "shang(上)/xia(下)"and nouns inmodem Chinese Language, the dissertation analyzes the kind andsemantic features of nouns behind of "shang(上)/xia(下)". And then,explain the asymmetry phenomenon between the "shang(上)plus N"and"xia(下)plus N" with metaphorical theory. The author tries to study andanalyze the basic theory about the structure "shang(上)/xia(下)plus N".In part one, analyzes the structure of "shang(上)/xia(下)plus N"from the perspective of syntax. Inspect the relation between"shang(上)/xia(下)"and the object. The structure mainly serves assubject, predicate, object and attribute in the syntax function.In part two, inspects the structure of "shang(上)/xia(下)plus N"from the perspective of semantic relation. Finally, get the respectiveobject type of"shang(上)plus N" and "xia(下)plus N".In part three, analyzes the structure of "shang(上)/xia(下)plus N"from the perspective of semanteme. We described the semantic web ofthe verb "shang(上)"and "xia(下)" in modem Chinese. Furthermore,conclude the respective kind and semantic features of N which onlycompose with "shang(上)"or"xia(下)"and which both compose with"shang(上)/xia(下)".In part four, examines the asymmetry phenomenon between the"shang(上)plus N" and "xia(下)plus N". We can get senior and lowermode, grade mode, increase and decrease mode in non-spatial field byasymmetry cognizance. And we can learn that "shang(上)"as a word withsymbol but "xia(下)"not. We can explain why the usage of "shang(上)"iswider than that of"xia(下)"combine above two reasons.