| Part I: Tian's duty——Xunzi's comprehension to the character of Tian.Xunzi's opinion about the character of Tian is mainly reflected in four parts:"Tian Xing","Tian Ao","Tian Zhi"and"Tian Shen". They represent the four aspects of Tian:"Tian Xing"means circulate rule of the Nature;"TianAo"stands for peculiar character of the Nature;"Tian zhi"means responsibility of the God;"Tian Shen"is mystery of the Destiny.Nature Tian was not born by Xunzi in the point of nature significance. But Xunzi was the first ideologist who explained the Tian naturally , systematically and clearly from the angle of theory. It is the most valuable thought of Xunzi. But the popular thought at that time were Tian from fate and Tian from religion. What XunZi's Tian theory had contributed to was re dissertated and detached the impersonal nature and the domination of Tian. He emphasized the impersonal nature as well as the status of Tian. He apply the superorganic base of civilizable philosophy.Part II: people's duty——Xunzi's comprehension of the status of people.There are three aspects of relationship between fixedness and transformation:1. people is a kind of social existence. 2. sociality existence means people's fixedness and transformation. 3. individual's fixedness and transformation.In Xunzi's prospect, the consciousness of people's social existence is an entity from the beginning to the end. It begins with the creation of body and spirit, then visualizes the meaningful existence of mankind in everything's striking for living through describing a nature picture. And then, Xunzi begin to discuss the relationship between collective and individual, the individual comparison to illustrate the nature of existence ultimately subordinate to the social. Discussed the relationship between human society and the stability and chaos, Xunzi said the terrible political mistake, advocate abandoning the principle of heaven will argue that the disorder research. and ultimately with the disorder linked to the political significance of the ceremony.In explaining the individual constancy and change, Xunzi recognize the simplicity of the human nature, affirmed the attributes of the community; then pass the values are different, people and bad people into gentlemen; Because the fate of impermanence, people are divided into two categories. upper and the lower class. For these reasons, society was divided into three groups of individuals: saint, gentleman and curs. In this regard, as a Confucian scholar, Xunzi inherited the Confucian Destiny Concept and Values.Xunzi description of the ideal picture of the world: a world of human society and the establishment of a saint, as ruler Later, due to differences in values and fate, noble and civilians, gentleman and Curs. However, the saint make the establishment of human society, people have become a social attributes, ruled by God, and to achieve the equal status as god and the Earth. But because the system has been destroyed, the community has become chaotic, threatening the survival of mankind. Because of this, he stressed the importance of Rite system, he said:"Rite system is the most important thing for the country", it's a Far-reaching Conclusion. This affected Xunzi's attitude of the relationship between nature and human.Part III: The knowledge of the different position between nature and human——the attitude of TianTo the four different meanings, Xuni four different attitude: don't fear it;don't dependent it; understand it and use it; do your own business.Part IV: Logical Structure of Xunzi's Natural Philosophy There are three clues in Xunzi's Natural Philosophy:1. dialectical relationship between fixedness and transformation. 2. relationship between individual and society. 3. relationship between reality and ideality.It can reflect Xunzi's political view and Value:From the angle of political view, the different position between nature and human in Xunzi's mind means to people via talking about Tian. His aim is system of ceremony. That is ideal system of human society identified by Confucian scholars. So Xunzi's thought is the same as Confucius and Mencius from this view. The difference is that Xunzi's thought of Tian is on the base of inheriting various thought in Ch'in dynasty and the latest natural science. And then he combined the thought of Tian by Confucius, Mencius, Guanzhong, Zhuangzi and even fortune-teller, and then formed his view of the different position between nature and human. This view of Tian on the base of construction by human and nature together has similar distillation with the view that human can integrate with nature bringed forward by Confucian scholars.From the angle of Value view, Xunzi advocates the method that remain fixedness to coping with transformation by fixedness-transformation dialectic. He prefers Tao to fate, and forms Value of preferring morality to behalf? by the way of adopting the view that practice Dao to modify the fate. In the confliction of collectivity benefit? and personal behalf?, choosing fixedness is choosing collectivity benefit. According to Mo-tse, behalf? is common benefit and changing benefit is common benefit. But Xunzi argues from colony and frame of society levels. That is the opposition to Mohism from the view of Confucianism. So we can conclude that confucianism does not ignore common benefit. On opposition, ceremony system is the essential guarantee to maximate the common benefit for a country. Consequently, he concludes that"The best way to solve social problems is the reconstruction of the social order".
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