| As one form of art, the realistic oil painting is an important component in the process of formation and development of oil painting, occupying an important position in the history of oil painting development in Europe. Has been influenced, since the Renaissance, by classicalism, Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism and many other schools of modern arts, the realistic oil painting has been keeping its powerful developing momentum. It can be safely said that the realistic oil painting is the most important expressive form of oil painting in Europe. The Realistic oil painting also occupies an important position in Chinese history of modern arts. However, with the influx of the western modern arts in recent years, plenty of painters abandoned the realistic oil painting and took up various non-realistic schools of modern arts. The "realistic" becomes the meaning of conservativeness, out-of-date and inflexibility, the influence of the Realistic oil painting and its position in fine arts becomes weak. Under such circumstances, some people incorrectly think that the"backward"realist oil painting can no longer meet the demands of the modern time's development, is certain to be extinct in the near future. In fact, realistic oil painting has its own advantages, characteristics and existing significance and value. This paper firstly reviews the development of the realistic oil painting in Europe and China, then, proves its existing significance and value from six perspectives: reflection of the all-round social life; powerful cognitive function, educational function and aesthetic function; the beneficial supplement to Chinese traditional painting; conformity to China's national conditions and its Chinese oriented nationalization; the great difficulty and high technical skills; the foundation of oil painting teaching. Finally, it is concluded: the realistic oil painting has great vitality, the existing significance and value, and will healthily develop without extinction.
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