Bronzes Analysis In The Graveyard Of Cuijiahe

Graveyard of Cuijiahe is located at Nianzhang town of Xia county in Shanxi about 2 kilometers, at the west of Zhongtiao mountain, whose other is smooth Yuncheng basin. The graveyard is 200 meters with Cuijia River. On both sides from east to west there were Qinglong River and Nianzhang River flowing from north to south. The base of Cuijiahe is located at a platform between two rivers. The graveyard has never been exploring since it was founded in the 1990s. It was excavated archaeologically by Archaeological Institute of Shanxi Province from September to December in 2004. Through characteristics analysis of the unearthed artifacts of Graveyard and the earthed utensils, it should be a tomb burial of state of the late Spring and Autumn. It provides new information to the research of Eastern Zhou Dynasty burial system and Shanxi cultural studies.By fine texture and component analysis about 27 bronze wares of Cuijiahe, preliminary understand bronze skills of Jinnan district from the Warring States period to Qin and Han dynasty. Analyzed 27 bronzes wares have been are high Pb-Sn bronze from the view of material, whose plumbum content concentrated on 11%-21%, Lead content on more than 10%. This is fully consistent with statistical distribution regular about stannum and plumbum content of brooze ware in slow-moving and new period of brooze age(late Western Zhou Dynasty to the Warring States period), which confirmed that the burial group are indeed burials in the late Chong and Qiu dynasty; From the view of handling technology, fine texture of the 27 samples is almost similar, most of those are a branch Jing,α+δweb. They are typical of the casting, and two pieces of bronze tripod cast have heated signs, That indicated that most of funeral objects was made for the dead, and only a very small part were used by the dead when they were living, taking in the underground after death; from the content,microstructure looking at these samples, brooze wares which come from Cuijiahe are copper stannum-plumbum alloy and stannum-plumbum content, especially plumbum content is exceptionally high, This point is fully consistent with the actual ratio of copper alloy at the Warring States Era; In addition analyzing a piece of brooze musical instrument, from the view of components and fine texture it belongs to brooze casting of high stannum and plumbum, its stannum content is reasonable, and plumbum content is very high, plumbum role in accelerating mainly acoustic vibration attenuation, the impact of small-frequency. When plumbum content is too high, the sound quality will be poor. So it doesn't have any practical function from the sound quality, only as brooze ware buried the dead; From the view of analysis results of Scanning electric mirror, stannum and plumbum on the surface is easy to be lost, almost completely can drain away. but the internal is relatively better; analysis data of trace elements,the geographical and historical surrounding and research of brooze wares which are digged in the neighboring burial at the same age can draw a conclusion that coppor that is used to cast graveyard of Cuijiahe could come from the ruins of Houma, whose sources of mine should be Zhongtiao mountain mine.