On The Ecofeminist Sense In The Poetry Of Emily Bront(?)

Ecofeminism originated in the 1970s. It claims that there is born interconnectedness between women and nature, who are both oppressed and exploited in the patriarchal society. It emphasizes that the root of their"Otherness"is the patriarchal traditional duality and ruling logic. And hence, it declares that women and nature have to unite together to protect their own benefits and win freedom and power. The ultimate goal of ecofeminism is to construct the harmonious world of nature, women and men. Ecofeminist literary criticism has been developing since the 1990s, which, for the first time, combines feminism and nature together to examine the"absence"and"presence"of women and nature in literary works.As a novelist, Emily Bront? became famous at the end of the 19th century. However, as a poet, few have known her. It's not until the 20th century that her name as a poet was established. According to the researches, there are 193 poems written by her, which can be classified into two types: Gondal poems and non-Gondal poems (or her personal poems). In her personal poems and Gondal poems, nature is a frequent image. Her personal poems delineate the poet's perplexity, loneliness, depression, despair and also perseverance and eagerness for happiness, which fully display a woman poet's spiritual state in the 19th-century Britain. Her Gondal poems make up an imaginary Gondal Empire and tell the process of several women's fight, revenge, winning love and power.This dissertation reads Emily Bront?'s poetry on a whole from the ecofeminist perspective, aiming at proving the ecofeminist sense in her poetry. This dissertation includes six parts. The first part is the introduction, introducing Emily Bront?'s position in history of literature as a novelist and poet, current studies on her poetry at home and abroad, and the research perspective, research purposes and the structure of this dissertation. And then chapter one lays the theoretic foundation for this dissertation, generalizing the ecofeiminist literary criticism and current studies in china, and then delineating the classification, subjects and general features of Emily Bront?'s poetry. By reading her non-Gondal poems, chapter two analyzes the thought of combining women and nature. Her non-Gondal poems describe the oppressed woman image and the personified Nature Other, reveal the interconnectedness and common position of women and nature, and assume that the union of the two is the only way out to obtain freedom. Chapter three explores the theme of cosmic harmony by reading her Gondal poems. Being Different from non-Gondal poems, Gondal poems present non-traditional images of new women and independent nature. No matter in love or in politics, the power of women and nature are illustrated thoroughly. At the same time, the detestation towards war and expectation for a harmonious world of women, nature and men are revealed clearly. Chapter four probes into the formation of the ecofeminist sense in Emily Bront?'s poetry from three aspects: Haworth, the 19th-century British social background, and humanist influence. The last part is the conclusion. The author concludes that Emily Bront?'s poetry, pioneering her time, being ahead of the birth of ecofeminism for more than 100 years, contains the ecofeminist thoughts and obviously possesses the ecofeminist sense. Undoubtedly, her poetry can be ranked among rare classics. As a novelist, she bears the offspring's respect; as a poet, she should also enjoy the reputation and honor.