Research On The Industrial Revolution And Change Of Immigration Policy In America

The first Industrial Revolution started in the end of the 18th century in America, at the time the total population in which was only 3,930,000, but the first immigration trend which population was over 5,000,000 entered U.S.A between the year 1790 and 1860. The second Industrial Revolution started after the Civil War.As it developed rapidly, the labors were lack severely in America. So the second immigration trend entered from 1860 to 1920. They had the profound effect on U.S.A. About 30,000,000 immigrants came into America during this period. The two immigration trends gave the main impetus to the finishment of the Industrial Revolution, therewith the developing course of the Industrial Revolution had the great effect on their immigration policy.The article is divided into four parts:Preface summarizes the meanings of the article and research situation about China and America.The first part generally states the general situation of the two Industrial Revolutions in America, summarizes the reasons of the immigrant's entering and the indelible contribution made to the Industrial Revolution of America. The article states in terms of subjective and objective factors the reasons and background of immigrants entering U.S.A. If no industrious immigrants, the developing and refulgent achievement would not be gained by American during that period.The second part concretely states the evolution of immigration policy during the Industrial Revolution. First it analysed the similarities and differences of the policies between the initial stages of America and the late 18th century and the early 19th century. For some reasons, the attracting policy had not been done effectly. After the Industrial Revolution, as the labors were short severely, the attracting policies were effectly enforced, about 5,000,000 immigrants entered America only between the year 1815 and 1860. Secondly, it analyses the immigration policy enforced in the middle and late 19th century in U.S.A. As the Civil War was over and the south was rebuilt, the economy of America developed rapidly. The important historical stage was called"the Gilded Age."As the industry developed rapidly during this period, almost every industry department were short of labors, then the government enacted a series of attracting policies, the immigrants totaled up to 13,259,469 from 1866 to 1900. They all made great contributions to the economy of U.S.A. But the attracting policies had been changed gradually in the end of 19th century and the early 20th century when the Industrial Revolution was over and the economy developed well in America.The third part formulates the reasons changed on the immigration policy. The economy factor is the main reason for the evolved policy, other factors served or catered to the development of economy. In the early 20th century, the period of short of labors had already past, the main task to American was growing the new-style industry, and reconstruct the traditional industrial department. The labor's quality was requested gradually. So the selection on the immigrants was more and more strictly. Of course, the political factor and exclusionism also effected on the policy to a certain extent.The forth part states the change of the immigration policy after the Industrial Revolution. Whether the immigrants from Asia or the immigrants from the Eastern Europe and the Southern Europe were all welcomed by American in the early revolution, and they all made great contributions to U.S.A, but this situation was changed in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, because American already entered the era of limitting the European immigrants and excluding the Asian immigrants. A higher standard was implemented on the immigrants'quantity and quality, origins and races and etc..In the conclusion this article states the contributions to American economy that made by immigrants and the current immigration policy enacted by American.