| Symbolism is not only a movement in Fine Arts field, but also an overwhelming revolution in Literary Arts field. Symbolism appears initially in the end of 19th century in the romance capital——Paris France, ever making a great impact on the intellectual circle in that period of time and giving impetus to the development of aesthetics in 20th century. Symbolism is mainly reflected in Literary Arts, focusing on poetry. French Symbolic paintings initially appear sparsely in some schools of painting, seemingly not shaping an ideological trend. As is analyzed by western artistic historians, the reason that Fine Arts symbolic movement in the end of 19th century fails to shape a larger trend possibly connects with the too great influence caused by'after-impressionism'school of painting. However in poetry field symbolism is rather overwhelming. For example, on September 18, 1886, French poet Jean Moréas issued a paper titled Symbolism Manifesto in Figaro, claiming that Arts should"bring a sensible form to mind"and let poem"cover a sensible coat for mind", that poets'mission is to depict the inner"mystery"of life. Such an ideology infects the circle of painting in 1880s and keeps affecting France for 15years long. Great influences have made by Symbolism on such many French artists like the mature and steady symbolic painter Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, the single and secluded painter Gustave Moreau, the mysterious and fantastic painter Odilon Redon, and even the arrogant and rigid after-impressionism great painter Poul Gauguin as well as other painters and painting groups to a degree. All these painters fully uphold French Symbolic Arts movement.In Germany, the fire of Symbolism flames very brightly, which is affected by European"Century End"ideology and German pessimistic philosophy. Literature is also filled with a feeling of pessimism and depression. As for painters, such a feeling widely spreads to some degree in the cases of German Max Klinger and Franz von Stuck, Norwegian Edvard Munch, Austrian Gustav Klimt, Swiss Arnold Bocklin, Russian Mihaier Alexandrovich Wrubel, and British Gabriel Charles Dante Rossetti and Edward Burne—Jones etc, although their manifesting styles differ in some way.Symbolic painters are all particular about forms and skills in arts manifestations, good at dealing with painting colors, drawing pictures rich in musical effects, thinking strangely, creating mysterious images, depicting delicately, filling with rich feelings, and drawing decoratively. They never ignore the observation of the great nature and factually connect natural observations with mental expressions, utilizing easily sensed images to skillfully express their own perspectives and metaphorize other objects in order to reveal their acute and delicate mysterious sensations towards beauty of the world. Symbolism is not a school of painting, but a style of times with its ideological basis on Century End Fine Arts.This paper studies by combining historic and cultural traditions with Century End complex under modern arts, but not merely sees symbolism from things in the end of 19th century, in order to perceive the artistic achievements of European Symbolism in 19th century more objectively and understand the great significance of western modern arts more deeply.
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