On Rilke's Existentialism Poetics

This dissertation reviews Rainer Maria Rilke- the famous 20th Century German poet, and his works, letters and life experiences, then organizes and concludes his poetics thoughts from the angle of existentialism.To have a comprehensive understanding of Rilke's existentialism poetics, this article discusses from introduction, three parts of the body and conclusion.At the beginning, the author origin the research situation on Rilke, and provide the theory basis for the dissertation. In the mainland, researches on Rilke focus on three aspects: explanations on Rilke's poetry, analyzes on his poetic theme, and interpretations on the art characteristics of Rilke's poetry from the view of art.The theory origin between Rilke and Existentialism is organized in the introduction, which could make elucidation of the rationality of this topic. On the one hand, Rilke inherited and deepened the kernel of Kierkegaard's Existentialism spirits, especially "death" and "dread". On the other hand, he influenced the masters of Existentialism-Heidegger and Sartre. The poems of Rilke directly caused Heidegger's transform of poetic thoughts, which not only embodied on the thoughts on Rilke and his poems, but also manifested in the draw references from poetic key words and the inheritance of thoughts on "Death". The inheritance of Sartre from Rilke's thoughts was represented in a reverse way. The author compared the The Notebook of Malte Laurids Brigge and La Nausée, discussed the relations on write style and thought quintessence. This thesis compared The Notebook of Malte Laurids Brigge and the former thoughts of Sartre's Existentialism, analyzed the same views from the relationships between myself and the others, and the reorganizations for life and myself.The second part of the dissertation discusses the life value of Rilke's Existentialism poetic thoughts from three aspects: live, death, love and sex, solitude and dread, and religion belief. Rilke thought the live and death is identical, death is one part of life, and lives on life and in the extreme inside of life. The highest bourn of love is only having direction but not object. Its aim is exposure to the world and goes to vastitude. Sex, in Rilke's opinion, is a kind of original strength, and self-absorption to the peak. Solitude and dread is normal in life, Rilke emphasized their importance to the art creation. In religion belief, he is an individualist. Rilke divided the God and gods, and distinguished Gods in different countries. For him, God is a direction and goes to open wide.In the last part, this article focuses on the art value of Rilke's Existentialism poetics from art essence and art creation. Rilke thought poem is experience. The beginning of art is piety, which composes of the outside life experiences and inside feeling. The loneliness is the impellent strength of art. He divided language into poetic language and daily language, and commended the poetic language. In art creation, Rilke thought the relationship between subject and object is "deep empathy", and the process walk to each other. As for the question of time and space, he considered that the time is useless and alleged the conception of spatial world. At the end, transforming the tangible things into the intangible things, and changing it into existence, in order to realize the eternity beyond the time and space.At the end of this dissertation, the author combines the social characteristics of the consumptive society nowadays, and emphasizes the necessity of recognition of Rilke and his works.