The Fighting Aboat The Patronage In Far East From 16^th To 17^th Century

In the history of Far East colony and Catholicism mission in 16th to 17th century, Patronage occupied an outstanding position therein, and therefore, a violent contention was spread among Portugal, Spain, France and the Vatican leaving deep impact on the history. However, most domestic historiography scholarships would like to take a certain church development in one area or a missionary's sermon activity as a major to make research aboat Far East Catholicism, but not make a systematic research on contending of Far East Patronage among all European colonized countries. In view of this shortage, in this paper, it is specifying the connotation and features of Far East Patronage as well as a history process of contention evolved among West colonized countries in 16th to 17th century, what's more, it makes a historical description of Far East Patronage solely owned by Portugal till shared with other three parties which are Spain, France and the Vatican and analyzes the essence and impact from this contending.This article divides six chapters. The first is outlining the establishment process of Far East Patronage in Portugal from beginning 15th century to 1534. The author, commencing from Portugal Far East Patronage conferred by papacy, discourses upon Portugal Far East Patronage and summarizes the basic connotation and features of Far East Patronage in Portugal.The second is analyzing the actual function on Portugal Far East Colony's interest by Patronage. Through analysis on all kinds of common customs' activities participated with missionaries of Far East Portugal, say analysis on establishment and maintenance of commercial relationship, delivery of commercial information, participation of colony management as well as devotion into commercial activities etc., the author investigates the efficacy on common customs from Far East Patronage and deems that the Far East Patronage helps Portugal to consolidate and develop their colonized interests in Far East. The third is dissertating about challenge from Spain to Far East Patronage of Portugal. This chapter analyzes that why Spain took invasion to Portugal Far East Patronage. It is specifying the process of Spain Church's invasion into Far East and figuring out that it could be divided in two steps between two sides: the first step is in twenties to seventies of 16th century, in which main counterwork is between two governments directly, characterizing at government serving to the missionary church; while the second step is after seventies of 16th century, in which it is mainly of fighting between missionary churches supported by its respective government, characterizing at missionary church figuring for its respective government's interests.The fourth is dissertating about the leadership of Far East missionary administration contested among the Vatican in 17th century. This chapter analyzing from Far East Patronage's counteract on Far East's development since 16th centurt summarizes the causes of conflict with the Vatican involvement into Far East religion right and discourses upon a series of policies made and implemented by the Vatican for taking back the Far East leadership since 1622.The fifth is dissertating about the activities and impact accordingly made by missionary groups of French Society of Jesus in Far East in anaphase of 17th century. This chapter discusses about the reasons of French Christian Churches' expanding to the East as well as French government's effort therefore. It is deemed that French Society of Jesus expanded its political and religion power in Far East by serving each royal birth with scientific knowledge and contesting on Far East Patronage among all parties becomes more violent because of French Christian Church power's expanding to the East.The sixth is deeply dissertating about all kinds of power's fighting among Christian Churches' in Far East in 17th century. This chapter, closely surrounding of all kinds of power fighting and conflict between country and Vatican City State, missionary church and the Vatican, country and country, missionary church and missionary church, focusing on the violence of fighting and importance of Far East Patronage, discusses about the history impact by this contesting on Far East Patronage.Seeing the contesting on Far East Patronage among all colonized countries in 16th to 17th century, there are more disadvantages than advantages of impact on mission administration of Catholicism. The papacy conferring the Far East Patronage to Portugal and Spain and other colonized countries is intending to realize Catholicism on the up grading in overseas with their economic and military power to develop the missionary administration in Far East. Although the colonized countries like Portugal made a great contribution on expanding and development of missionary administration in Far East, they after all put common customs interests in the first place. The natural purpose of contesting Far East Patronage among all colonized countries is to realize their common interest, therefore religion is just a kind of means, which causes a frequent conflict between missionary church interest and colonized countries' common customs interests. The result is always that interest of missionary church is ignored by colonized countries. In that case, not only all kinds of missionary churches supported by colonized countries had strong nationalism to contest for the missionary administration in a certain area, but also the European missionaries in Far East started to see common customs' mission higher than the religion mission on their shoulder. Each country's interest is higher than interest of religion. The exclusiveness of nationalism acted by colonized countries and missionary churches severely impact the whole interest of Far East Churches and their long-term development. On the other hand, the Vatican intervention into Far East Patronage made the power fighting more violent and deeper instead of clam down the conflict and realizing a united management on Far East missionary administration. Then after experiencing a short flourish in late 16th century, the Far East Parish went out of order and decline gradually.