The Changes Of Land System And The Modernization Of China

Modernization is a key issue after the 1840 as regards to the development of Chinese society. More than 100year's experiences have demonstrated that modernization of China is in fact a transitional process from the traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society against the background of burgeoning population. In this process of overall social changes,the core is the modernization of "Three Rural"(Agriculture,Countryside,Peasant). Among these factors,the key is the land system. Under the guidance of my supervisor Dr. Chen qin,the author makes a study of the changes in the land system stipulated by the Chinese communist part help of Marxist and modernist theories.The paper consists of four main partsIn the introduction,brief explanation is given as to the significance and the present research status of this issue in the academic circle. The term land system is defined and the analytical methods are also introduced.In the first part,the author concludes that land system is one of the key elements which influence the modernization efforts of China after reviewing three changes of land system carried out by the Chinese communist party. The outstanding stages of China modernization are all closely related to the changes in the land system .In the mean time ,it is impossible for any land reform to solve all the land problems because If the complication of China modernization .So the land system of China should keep pace with the modern changing society .The implementation of household management of land has greatly influenced the modernization of China,but this policy has also shown its defects under the new circumstances. Thus,the "Three Rural" problems China encountering in the new century should be solved by ways If persevering reforming and improving of the household management the land system .In the second part,By the method of case study,The author point out the reasons of "Three Rural" problem under household management of land system and the necessity of deepening the reform of household management of land system.In the third part,law stipulation,system selection and concrete measures are proposed in deepening the reform of household management of land system. The reform and law stipulation should focus on:Firstly,establish the identity of the peasants as landowners. First,the "Thirty-year lease term" and" No need to change the thirty-year lease term" of the central government should be implemented. Second,the definition of land use should be widened,Which should at least include:the right to own,the right to benefit,the right to transfer and lease,the right to pledge,and the right to succeed. Secondly,the household management of land should be materially owned. The right to manage the land should be considered from the right of ownership. The protection methods in the Civil Code should be utilized to protect the peasants' right to manage the land,It is suggested relevant departments of the centralgovernment draft "The law of Land Management" to define the system of land management based on the practical situation of the land use in China. Thirdly,the right of the country to the land should be defined. It should include:the right to use land for the sake of public benefit,the right change of the use of land to a certain extent etc. According to the above proposal,the peasants can gain a new right to land:permanent rent right. The establishment of this rent right is not the abolishment of the present land policy,but a natural extension of this policy. The reform to deepening the land policy is a systematic effort which needs the leadership of the Communist Party to protect the interests of the farmers. It must be carried out to achieve the aim of "returning the land's right to peasants" and activating the land use. It also should be implemented step by step according to the "Three Benefits" standard proposed by Mr. Deng and the requirement of "Keeping pace with the time "proposed by president Jiang zemin. The concrete measures should include:establish land reform administrati...