Cultural Study On National Problem Of Central Asia

After the cold war, the international politics is always changing, nationalism and religious rejuvenation has become a major cause for the conflicts or wars in many regions of the world. After the disintegration of the former Soviet Union and independence of the five nations in Central Asia, the spread of nationalism and religious consciousness has directly influenced the social and economic development of the Central Asian nations. The different nationalities in this area all have long historical origins, either the languages belong to one language family, or the beliefs belong to one religion. In the historical process of national development, some neighboring nationalities crossed the borders and made themselves mix together in complete harmony, especially in border areas. The five nations in Central Asia are near neighbors of China, of which Kazak, Uzbek, Tajik and the local minority nationalities like Uygur and Tartar all have across-border nationalities who are Muslims and believe in Islamism. They have close economic and cultural relationship with China from ancient times to present. Therefore, to study on Central Asian national problem from cultural angle is of great practical significance in properly dealing with national religions problems, the reform of Northwestern Areas and the national defense of China.The paper first probed into the principal nationalities of Central Asia and their historical origins, the major national problems at present, and their effect on each nation and its situation; Then analyzed the cultural elements that affect the problems, expounded the sophisticated cultural background from the angle of mingling of nationalities and Islamism rejuvenation, and diversified cultural identification; At last analyzed the tendency of national problems in the process of pluralistic cultural development in Central Asia.