Economic globalization means members' opening its market of commodity, service and factor, etc. and throwing its' economy open. Hence, to develop the open economy in southwest of China is accord with Chinese collective development object.The southwest is a particular region in geography, which inhabited many minorities and less developed in China. So the essay quests for theoretical meaning in open economy in China's distress, frontier, along river, coastline. Regional cooperation is an important factor to impel the economy open. The targets of regional cooperation and open economy are inwardly consistent. The article is also practically important on the southwest's regional cooperation and open economy to settle down its low open economy with many cooperation mechanisms.To sharp with the southwest is the Su-Zhe-Hu or "Chang-jiang Delta" region. So, the essay introduces a contrast method to put the southwest down the context of whole China and parallel to Su-Zhe-Hu, from theoretic and demonstration, to forecast about the southwest's reinforce regional cooperation and why & how to develop opening economy.The Southwest in the essay indicates the six provinces, municipality or direct district: Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Tibet, and Chongqing. The Changjiang Delta refers to Jiangsu, Zhejiang province and the municipality directly under the Central Government of Shanghai.
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