Evolution And Introspection Of The Electoral System In The Passed Hundred Years Of China

Electing means choosing and recommending. It was an activity of selecting officials from above in the ancient time. But it becomes a public political behavior now. In this behavior, the members with requisite qualification of a country, a party, a group, a department or a mass organization choose some people to hold public office. With the arriving of the invasion of the imperialism, the theory of the western constitutionalism came to China at the latter half of 19th century, and there were democracy thought in China from then on. In the passed one hundred years, many people with lofty ideals, such as Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan, Hong Rengan, Yan Fu, Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao and some others, dedicated their lives for it. But democratic election did not begin until the times of Sun Zhongshan, Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping. In 20th century, Chinese society changed deeply, and hundreds of millions Chinese were in pursuit of democracy. They got to know the real meanings of democracy and election. The evolution of electoral system in 20th century in China was a long process. The history trend of democratic election cannot be changed though it was stopped by some people who placed obstacles, for example, the age, the gender and the requisite qualifications. The Party is different from all other political parties. It removed all obstacles of democratic election since the day of electoral system began in the party. And electoral system is perfecting with the interacting and interplaying of the practice and laws of election. Especially in the passed twenty years, electoral system made a big progress no matter in contents or practice. It promoted the political system to be democratized and institutionalized. And now, the electoral system guarantees people the right of managing our country and safeguard their benefits. The thesis reviews the history of electoral system in the passed hundred years and analyses the changes in the legislation thoughts to find the differences in the different period and why the differences existed. The new century is coming. Reviewing the developing of electoral system in the passed one hundred years and focusing its future is useful to the development of democracy in China, because with the change of the politic, economy and culture, the forming, developing and perfecting of a electoral system changes. The reforms of economy of China will promote the perfecting of democratic politic of China. As a legal form of democratic politic, electoral system will develop gradually. To introspect the pass is good to overcome the future difficult. Not only we should begin with perfecting the equal electing right, enlarging the direct election limits, reducing the appointed representatives, act. But also the electoral system should be used in all field and aspect. It should begin from the basic unit and be carried forward, and advanced the democratic politic to a new point.