Study On The Small And Medium-sized Non-government Enterprises' Development And Financing System In China

No matter in the developed or the developing countries, small and medium-sized enterprises are indispensable part of the economy of a country. To a country, small and medium-sized enterprises play an un-negligible role in terms of promoting the scientific and technological progress, alleviating the unemployment, expanding exports, and so on. The advanced economy of small and medium-sized enterprises is usually a necessity for the prosperity of a country's economy. Besides, without the full development of the small and medium-sized enterprises, it is hard to imagine the development of the large enterprises. In China, which is a developing country and a country which is undergoing the system transition as well, since China's reform and opening up to the outside world, the small and medium-sized enterprises (esp. the private small and medium-sized enterprises) remain the main strength to promote economic marketization and the economic growth. In particular, it plays an increasingly important role in satisfying the diversified and individualized requirements of people, promoting the scientific and technological progress, realizing industrial structure adjustments, optimizing social resources distribution and increasing the total amount of social employment, etc. According to relevant statistics Chinese private enterprises absorbed nearly 70 % of the employment with it 48.8% of the assets, offered 57% of the social sales amount, created 43% of the tax revenues. Only in terms of employment, almost all the 46 million laid-off workers of three years from 1997 to 1999 together with the 22 million newly increased people to be employed are now working in the private small and medium-sized enterprises throughout the country. However, just like the small and medium-sized enterprises of other countries in world, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises of our national camp is now faced with the same financing difficulty as hasbecome a major bottleneck getting in the way of its development. At present, the financing difficulty of private enterprises is gradually getting the attention of the governments at all levels and the scientific research institution, which have set about probing into some ways and thinking to solve the financing difficulty of private enterprises. The author thinks, in order to find a fundamental measure to solve the problem of the financing difficulty of small and medium-sized enterprises from source, we need to study systemically the financing theory of the small and medium-sized enterprises, carry on a careful real-example analysis of its current financing situation, summarize seriously the international experience in this respect to find the inherent law of its financial development, explore the important role of the finance of small and medium-sized enterprises in such contradictions as financial globalized economy and local economy, efficiency and fairness, market system and supporting policy, etc. Thus we can offer scientific basis for building the highly efficient financial system of small and medium-sized enterprises.The study in paper is as follows.1. A summary of the theory and function of the small and medium-sized enterprises in our country. From the angle of trends and development, the author divides the theory of small and medium-sized enterprises into the theory of elimination and the theory of existence, and carries on an analysis on the three stages the small and medium-sized enterprises development theory undergoes. The analysis shows that the people's understanding of the small and medium-sized enterprises is a developing course. With the scientific and technological progress, the human society enters an information age, and the mode of social production and life style have changed radically. The small and medium-sized enterprises are no longer only a supplementary of the economy, but to some extent, compared with the large enterprises, have greater advantages, and are more adaptable to the development of current productivity.They are now a major organizational form...