Study On Villagers' Autonomy From The Perspective Of Systematic Governance

The height of rural grass-roots democratic development depends on the country's macro-environment and the villages'own political, economic, cultural, social and other specific conditions, while the concrete practice of village autonomy in rural areas is also a direct expression of a country's democratic development level, affecting and constraining the country's democratization and modernization process. The reform and development in rural areas need the country's support and guidance, but most fundamentally rely on the villagers themselves through a certain active way to pursue the development of the village. While the villagers' autonomy is such a way that it can make the peasants lead rural development, throw themselves into the construction of new countryside.This paper firstly proposed a new understanding of the villagers' autonomy on the purpose of the developing the socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics and expanding grass-roots mass self-government, taking Marxism democratic ideas and scientific outlook on development as the guidance, using systems theory and government theory as a framework. Through the new understanding, the villagers' autonomy is an integrity innovation project of the social system, an endogenous governance practice of social democracy, a lasting integration and reconstruction of the rural society. From the perspective of system, the rural society is a complex system, and the villagers' autonomy is a systematic government project, which takes the villagers as the main body, the village community as the object, the self-government system as the fundamental basis, the participations and consultations as the main means. Secondly, this paper selected three villages in Binhu District, Wuxi City to conduct practical investigations, and then the paper totally analyzed the current situation of the autonomy from the point to the sphere, made a systematic study in common problems of the autonomy. At the same time, focus on the meaning of governance, this paper combed the development process of China's village governance structure since the foundation of new China. From the reconstruction of autonomous village society, this paper attempted to hold forth a kind of villagers' autonomy aiming at constructing a governing village community, and made in-depth analysis on the concept, characteristics and significance of the governing village community. Based on the analysis of the status quo, compared to the target, the paper summarized the main problems in villagers' autonomy: First, on the orientation of governance issues, mainly for the lack of governance concept and content bias. Secondly, on the governance environmental issues, specifically contains the country's macro-environmental and rural micro-environmental problems. Third, on the main force issues of governance, include the identification of the main force as well as inter-subjective relations. Fourth, on the social foundation issues, prominently register as the low social identification, the weak public social infrastructure.Based on the above understanding, this paper means that we must make comprehensive survey of the rural environment and in-depth analysis of the system structure of villagers' autonomy, comprehensively grasp the reality issues of village governance, so that from a view of systematic government, from the guidance of scientific outlook on development, from the rural society itself, we can explore an improving innovation road for the villagers' autonomy, a democratic governance road for harmonious village, a scientific development road for rural society. Specific measures include: with a view to scientific development, based on the rural reality, to establish a new governing orientation; deepening the reform of property rights, improving the financial system, to lay a governing economical foundation; smoothing the vertical relations, integrating the horizontal relations, to shape a governing power system; deepening the social identification, building self-government platform, to construct a governing village society; strengthening the basic education, promoting the political education, to cultivate governing village citizens; perfecting the national laws and policies, improving the local regulations in rural, to build a governing institutional guarantee.