Privatization And Government Regulation Of Public Utility

The　modern　public　affairs　are　becoming　numerous　and　more　and　more　complicated.　The　government　is　no　longer　the　only　provider　of　the　public　articles　and　service.　The　limitation　of　traditional　theory　of　government　regulation　is　prominent　day　by　day　in　practice.　Thereupon　many　countries　begin　to　review　and　transform　the　already　existing　public　administrative　operation.　Privatization　is　an　important　action.　Privatization　is　to　transfer　the　ownership　of　publicly　owned　public　utilities　or　the　power　of　management　to　the　private　and　introduce　the　real　market　mechanism.　In　recent　years　in　our　country,　relevant　laws　and　regulations,　policies　are　issued　one　after　another.　These　have　created　conditions　for　public　utilities　privatization.　Some　places　are　open　or　partly　open　public　utilities　for　private　enterprise.　Some　experiences　have　been　achieved.　Under　the　privatization　background,　an　ineluctable　issue　for　administrative　law　research　is　how　to　choose　proper　private　department　participate　in　getting　public　administrative　affairs.　　This　text　attempts　to　introduce　the　existing　research　results　of　economics　and　administration　to　administrative　law　and　analyses　the　rationality　of　public　utilities　privatization　and　the　government's　function　should　be　play　in　public　utilities　privatization.　Then　we　will　primarily　discussion　how　does　government's　structure　reoriented　after　de-regulations　and　How　to　improve　such　questions　as　the　structure　tool　and　structure　organization.　　The　first　part　introduced　definition　and　characteristic　of　public　utilities.　Public　utilities　have　some　characteristics　such　as　indispensability　for　People's　livelihood,　public　interests,　natural　monopoly　and　rationality.　These　characteristics　will　establish　the　foundation　for　the　following　argumentation.　　The　second　part　mainly　introduced　the　theoretical　foundation　of　public　utilities　privatization.　With　reference　to　economics　and　administration,　it　analyzed　the　rationality　and　feasibility　of　privatization　in　different　aspect　from　offering　of　public　articles　to　the　transforming　of　the　government　functions.　It　concluded　that　the　producer　and　provider　of　public　article　and　service　are　not　exclusive.　The　government　needn't　offer　some　public　articles　directly.　Through　an　effective,　encouraging　system,　it　might　encourage　other　social　subjects　to　be　participated　in　supplying.　　The　third　part　has　analyzed　the　relationship　between　the　public　utilities　privatization　and　the　Government　Regulation.　By　the　different　degree　of　the　risk　to　the　private　department　according　to　the　public　department,　Privatization　can　be　divided　into　a　lot　of　concrete　ways.　Both　the　government's　management　and　the　market's　management　have　their　pros　and　cons.　In　order　to　remedy　the　market-based　defect,　no　matter　under　which　kind　of　privatization　form,　government's　structure　must　all　play　a　key　role.　　The　fourth　part　has　carried　on　the　discussion　to　the　regulation　of　government,　which　is　reinvented　under　privatization　era.　First,　it　has　made　an　introduction　to　the　reorientation　of　government　regulation　reorientation　and　diversified　structure　tools.　Secondly,　it　has　proposed　the　amendment　of　the　current　legal　system.　Then　by　using　some　external　experience　and　administrative　licensing　for　reference,　it　put　forward　some　preliminary　suggestions　to　the　application　of　such　regulation　tools　as　market　access,　price,　standard,　information,　etc.　Finally,　it　propose　setting　up　the　independent　regulation　organization　and　standardizing　its　behavior.