On Montesquieu's Theory Of Constitutional Government

Constitutionalism plays an important role in the west modern political life. The contemporary representatives of constitutional government are Locker in U.K. and Montesquieu in France. In this dissertation, by means of historical and logical way, an analysis is made of the constitutional government theory by means of Montesquieu's use for reference of Locker's theory of constitutional government and his development to it. Montesquieu's theory of constitutional government aims at restricting government's power and protecting individual's political liberty. Though there exist some mistakes in Montesquieu's theory of constitutional government , Montesquieu has a better understanding of the essence of Locker's theory of constitutional government , uses it for reference and further develops it. The most important aspect of Montesquieu's theory lies in the rule of law and the separation of powers, which play a very important role in the development of the later European political infrastructure.There are five sections in this dissertation:The first section deals with a survey of Locker's theory of constitutional government , which is divided into five sub-sections: political system theory; rule of law; government's power-restriction theory; liberty theory; and the separation of powers.The second section deals with the basic content of Montesquieu's theory of constitutional government , which is divided into four sub-sections: political system theory; rule of law; political liberty theory; and checks and balances of power.The third section deals with Montesquieu's use for reference of Locker's theory of constitutional government .In this section, Part A is about Montesquieu's use for reference of British constitutional government theory.Firstly, Montesquieu misunderstands British constitutional government model by saying that British political system is based on the fundamental...