Analysis On Supply Mechanism Of Chinese Rural Infrastructure

My problem is the supply of rural infrastructure, our planning for urban and rural development, building a well-off society in the process of the major issues facing them. There are still many problems with the Chinese supply of rural infrastructure, resulting in the inefficient supply of the infrastructure, that serious obstacle to the development of the rural economy and improving the quality of life for peasants. If a region can effectively solve the problems that exist in the supply of rural infrastructure, the level of development of the rural economy will be able to grow faster. So to build new socialist rural areas and a socialist harmonious society, we must resolve the issue of the supply of rural infrastructure mechanism.This thesis consists of four parts:The first part, the basic category and theoretical explanation .First is the fundamental aspects of the definition. Samuelson pointed out that public goods is that "each individual's consumption of such a good leads to no subtraction from any other individual's consumption of that good." Public goods have two fundamental characteristics: one is a non-exclusive; the another is a non-competitive. Rural public goods is consumed in rural areas of the region is non-exclusive and non-community products. Rural infrastructure refers to the production and livelihood of the farmers to extend the deadline for the use of facilities. The main features are: natural monopolies, the external effects, the level of supply and demand. Second, elaborate the supply mechanism of rural infrastructure. First, the supply mechanism of public goods outlined. The supply of public goods in the supply of public goods is the real mechanism for the allocation of resources. From a global perspective, the supply of public goods through three mechanisms: government supply, market supply and voluntary supply. Second, exposition the supply mechanism of rural infrastructure. A wider range of rural infrastructure, the supply of a single mode can not meet the demand in rural areas, improve rural infrastructure in the future supply system, the government should mainly supply, actively guide the voluntary market supply and make the diversification of supply.The second part, the problems that exist in the supply of rural infrastructure. The mechanism involves the supply of less consumer demand, lack of grassroots financial reasons, lead to the supply of rural infrastructure in the course of the following four aspects . First, the supply shortage. My premium for farmers to make long-term supply of rural infrastructure, it can not meet production needs. Primarily reflects a decline in expenditures on agriculture, and farmers living in inadequate supply of infrastructure, inadequate funding for education and rural infrastructure, public health and social security system in rural areas. Second, the structure of supply imbalance. Structure refers to the supply of rural infrastructure-economic development, public service, four kinds of social security and ecological protection constitute the number and proportion of public goods. Top-down decision-making mechanism to conceal the true needs of the farmers, rural infrastructure makes either excess or shortage of supply. Third, the supply is inefficient. The supply of rural infrastructure, efficient evaluation from the following two aspects: First, the supply of the efficiency of resource allocation. Second, the public sector efficiency. The main question is : no source of funding constraints caused by the low efficiency of the use of funds; Local government attaches importance to "achievements" light effectiveness. Fourth, it is inequitable supply. Socialist equity is a theoretical issue, it relates to the nature of socialism and the development direction; Socialist fair is a real problem, it is closely related to the people's fundamental faith in socialism and social stability. The supply of rural infrastructure, including the unfairness of the process of rural villagers and urban residents and rural infrastructure across the supply.The third part, the experience and enlightenment of the supply of foreign rural infrastructure. First, introduced the situation in the supply of rural infrastructure of the United States, Japan, the Republic of Korea. The United States in building rural infrastructure, such as irrigation, agricultural research and extension system, and the provision of social security for rural compulsory education in China should learn from; Japan related to the production and living in rural infrastructure China's social security and compulsory education in rural areas should learn from; South Korea's "New Village Campaign" to promote the building of rural infrastructure and increase farmers income, eliminate the gap between urban and rural areas to achieve coordinated urban and rural development, and achieved remarkable results. Second, sum up the experience of other countries on the supply of rural infrastructure inspiration. First, the supply of rural infrastructure, increasing the financial support; Second, protect the rural basic education, strengthening vocational and technical education; Third, it is gradually farmers into the social security system; Fourth, establish farmers in the supply of rural infrastructure, the main decision-making position.The fourth part, the basic ideas of improving the supply mechanism of the rural infrastructure. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee to promote the task of building a new socialist countryside. December 2005 of the Central Conference on Rural Work pointed out that the full implementation of industry nurturing agriculture and cities to support rural policy. In both countries stressed the need to allocate more funds to rural construction, earnestly strengthen the building of rural infrastructure, to increase rural education, public health and other social undertakings from the fields of rural public services, vigorously develop rural public utilities. Support the strengthening of national policies, will help improve Chinese supply of single channel demand for the establishment of a center for farmers in the decision-making mechanism and establish a long-term mechanism to supply integration, increased funding mechanism for the supervision and management. Specific ideas are: First, expand the supply of new channels, and building a new diversified supply setup. Second, the need for farmers to adhere to the center, the supply of the establishment of a democratic decision-making mechanism. Once again, coordinating urban and rural development, guarantee fair across the supply. Finally, enhance the efficient use of capital, and strengthen supervision and management mechanism.