Modtesquieu's Theory Of Power Separating And Its Enlightenments To The Political Reform Of Our Country

With a sharp political mind, rational and historical attitude, national political systems as the basis and political philosophy as his basic theory, Montesquieu put forward a profound concept of separating the political power to a balanceable state according to his deep grasp of the law of social development and the succeeded thought of his predecessors. He separates the state power into three parts, that is, legislative power, executive power and judicial power. The three separated powers complement and constrain each other forming a tight and complete power structure and operating model. His thought of separating political power, compared to the previous thinkers, is not an impractical political preaching but a political agenda with great practical significance. It has been proved to be fully effective in the political practice in many countries. As a civilized political system, it provides a security to human's life, liberty and property.Civilized system is an important part of world civilization. Political system is created and completed in accordance with the human's ideas. It has its own characteristics. Similarly, China's political system, as the Chinese people's wisdom and creation, also has its own characteristics and advantages. But whatever modern China's political system or the Western political system, without exception, is an important achievement of the political civilization of mankind. This determined that Chinese and Western political civilization can communicate and learn from each other.Has entered the new millennium, China, due to the successful economic reform, has developed rapidly and made an achievement well-known all around the. But with the further deepening of economic reform, we felt that the political reform is lagging behind day after day. This will inevitably impact on the further economic development. In certain sense, if the economic development can be sustained is determined by the political reform. Therefore, we should look at the reality of China's political system with the attitude of historical materialism. Uphold the good, reform the bad and improve the flawed. Then, how to reform and improve? We can refer to this theory to decentralize the state power and make them mutually constrain each other, so that we can reduce the phenomena of corruption and abusing of power. This requires a reconstruction of power structure and operational mechanism such as people's congresses, governments, courts and procuratorates with scientific Chinese characteristics and the power structure and operational mechanism should be protected by law. This should be the goal of China's political system reform.