The Theories And Practice Of Chinese Service-oriented Government Constructions

Since 80's in 20th century, in order to raise the international competition ability and get away from a public finance predicament and raise the government work efficiency for the sake of the challenge of accolade globalization, the western nation started changing the management method of national public section. The management style of tradition bureaucrat system-based control government started encountering negation, the citizen requested the government to provide more good public products and public service. Government wanted to defend the country sovereignty and territorial integrity, stroke a crime and maintenance public order, also wanted to provide a life guarantee, and create more and more employment opportunities, construct public facilities and manage an environment, for the developing and creating good environment completely of economy and society.Under the push of the new public management exercises, all the countries carried to keep on a continuous government administration reform, try to break with traditional theories and the tie of the management style, manage to carry on root and directive change to the government. The administration of the Chinese government's reforming has never come to a stop as well, only 80's in 20th century empress carried on five times, the period can say that be full of hardships, turns and twists, but always in the change, and step by step to deeper time of moving forward with higher target. After groping for of several years, people finally know, the government reforms of root target and marriage want provide them for the masses of the people need of various service. The need is high quality, high-efficiency service, and the final choice is to build up citizen's basis and the social basis-based service-oriented government. The service-oriented government construction of the our country develops in imposing array currently, from central to all levels governments are all actively investigating the practise of the service-oriented government constructions, and obtained homologous result, particularly obtained great results in the aspects of providing a public product and public service. But beg with large masses of the people's diverse basin to the public product and public service to compare with, Chinese government regardless in the aspects of throwing in, product total amount supply, still exist many problems and shortage in providing level and quality of public service.This thesis carried on a study for the constructions of Chinese service-oriented government, the thesis totally was divided into four parts:First part, introduced the theories content and its creation of service-oriented government of inevitability. The service-oriented government is "Guide in the citizen's basis, social basis principle, under the whole frame of social democracy order and legal procedure, according to citizen will set up of citizen's service-oriented and undertake service responsibility of government." The service-oriented government is a government that take citizen as origin, a government that service is the aim, a government ruled by law. The service-oriented government has four basic characteristics: Firstly, take public service as a direction; Secondly, guarantee citizen's right; Thirdly, the working talent of government is limited; Finally, the movement is publicly and efficiently. The service-oriented government is under the background of globalization, take new public management theories as its theories support, is the target that our country government reforms.Second part, analyse the existent problem of our service-oriented government. Our country carried on a series of reform practice in the process of investigating the service-oriented government. First, the government organ simplifies, practical change government working talent; Second, enhance administration to responsibility system, raise responsibility consciousness; Third, strengthen the management of public official; Fourth, the governmental affairs is public and extend people's right to know what happened. Although our country obtained certain result in the service-oriented government reform, at public serve this working talent of link up still weaker, exist many problems that need solution. Such as the shortage of system innovation, public product allotment is unbalanced and the understanding of the long term and difficulty of service-oriented government constructions isn't enough.Third part, introduce the experience of public service in west country, and the apocalypses of that experience are very useful to Chinese service-oriented government constructions. First, introduce British and American reform circumstances of two countries, "Citizen's Charter" of England exercises to lead the results management into public service, the United States ushers in a market to turn a principle. Second, the apocalypse of western country practice to our country service-oriented government. Firstly, manage an agreeable on government relationship with business enterprise, society and market; Secondly, lead the competition mechanism into the government public service; Thirdly, manage a business enterprise method to lead into public service; Fourthly, encourage a citizen participation in decision; Finally, foster service consciousness of the public official of the government.Fourth part, the strategy of the existent problem of Chinese service-oriented government constructions. Although our country a lot of local governments all have already started construing the service-oriented government and also obtain certain result, the transforming toward service-oriented government still exist a lot of problems. The concrete strategy is as follows: First, Strengthen the government reforms, accelerate the government working talent change, include to change a government a management principle, change a government the working talent and innovation government manage; Second, promote system creative, guarantee public and minestrone exportation and quality by a series of system arrangement; Third, raise the service quality, improve the public service level of owing the flourishing region, accelerate the market of public service to turn and acculturate; Fourth, strengthen the construction of public official, enhance the occupation morals of public official, promote the administration ability of public official.