The Low And Economic Analysis Of Highway's Regulatory Mechanism

Since ancient times, Road is infrastructure of people's survival and development, less road life will be retarded and isolated.'Want to get rich, first build roads'. People have been doing for the repair of roads and tireless efforts for thousands of years. Highway as a production of road which was developed to a certain stage. As a symbol of modern which could measured development .The first expressway born in Germany in 1932. Initial purpose is to facilitate war. Hitler's war strategy is "lightning war" at the World War II. It will become the key to winning who will construct a highway. When the French people underestimate the speed of the German . Highway debuted the history's stage .People have been known gradually the highway's Fast and safety Since World War II. Western developed countries have started competing for the construction of highway race. United States, Japan and other developed countries have built a modern network of expressway form 20th century. According to statistics, nearly 80 countries have Highway in the end of 2006. China's expressway started late in the western developed countries. China's first expressway, 18.5 kilometers highway which named HuJia has been opened to traffic in October 1988. Marked that China's economic development towards a new milestone. The total mileage of expressways open to traffic in China has reached 60,300 km until the end of 2008. Have now become the second largest country highway.With the economy continue to develop, the old planned economy regulatory mechanisms can not adapt to the development direction of China's Highway. As the highway has the feature of natural monopoly, quasi-public goods, and the characteristics of construction of large investment , long construction period, the slow return on investment . Leading to China's regulation of highway lag behind it's Level of development. In order to rationalize the allocation of resources and let the social welfare maximize. Need the government regulate the highway industry targetedly. We must work out the problem quickly like civil highway funds and foreign funds can not be successfully brought into the capital bottleneck, laws and regulations are not perfect that have no supervision can based on, Institutional issues of without a clear line between the functions of the government and enterprises bring about the Ineffective supervision of the highway, and so on.This article starts from the general theory of highway regulation, doing detailed analysis about market access regulation, price control, service quality regulation of highway. And make review on China's current regulatory status of highway. Indicating that the main problems existing in highway regulation are: :the laws that are related to highway regulation are not good enough; and exist various institutional problems result from regulatory reform lags. This article starts from the general theory of highway regulation and China's highway regulatory status, and consults from the advanced experience of Western countries, proposing that the ultimate goal of China's highway regulatory reform is: optimize the efficiency of resource allocation of highway industry, and also meet the highway's public welfare nature as public goods, making highway playing more effects in China's rapid economic growth. In view of the highway regulatory reform objectives, this article proposes rational proposals to improve China's highway regulatory mechanism. Proposing that the highway regulatory reform should accelerate the separating pace between government and enterprise first, and then strengthen the regulatory legislation, making highway regulation have law basis. And the last, the highway regulation should be market driven, introducing the incentive regulation mechanism.This paper is divided into four sections. The first part start from the highway overview from the and its characteristics of economic and technical , let the readers understand the characteristics of economy and technology. Paving the system analysis theory way for highway regulatory mechanism. The second part starts from the economic analysis to analysis the highway theoretical about highway-regulatory mechanism and system. The third part as the part of the international comparison. By analysis of the United States and the Japans'experience of highway regulation that can understand the experience of highway regulation of developed countries. In order to identify the deficiencies from China's highway. The fourth part monitoring the status of China's highway analysis. By identified deficiencies of China's highway that found the future regulatory mechanism and option.