The Vicissitudes And Development Of Village Sports In Beijing Suburb

With China's substantial increase in the level of competitive sports, the development of mass sports has begun to draw more and more attention. China's rural population accounts for 56% of the total population, thus the rural sports is an important part of mass sports work. The basic unit of country is villages, and village sports research is microscopic sports fields of rural sports. In existing research achievement, many macrovisual studies aim at rural sport except village sports. At present, there are no relevant research results on Beijing rural village sports yet.A typical village is taken as the research object, and methods including documentary, fact-finding and interview are used. The changes of village sports organizations are used as a clue, and the sports vicissitudes of this village is divided into four stages based on three major events. These stages are as follow:the first phase, from 1949 to 1969; the second phase, from 1970 to 1979; the third phase, from 1980 to 1994; and the last phase, since 1995. The purpose of this study is to explore the restraining factors of sports development in Beijing suburbs. By analyzing the internal and external environment of Beijing suburbs in different historical stage, characteristics and rule of village sports vicissitudes are summarized, besides, the problems that exist in the process of village sports development and the corresponding measurements are also proposed. Research conclusions are as follows:1. The vicissitudes of village sports is affected not only by external political, economic, and cultural factors, but also by the economic conditions, lifestyle and sports awareness of the village. In addition, the shortage of traditional sports also influences the development of village sports.2. Characteristics of the vicissitudes of village sports:the village sports activities have a transition from the traditional sports to the modern sports; young and middle-aged groups of participants decreased; activity time changed with the production methods; activity space gradually increased; sports equipment changed from simplification to diversification; degree of self-organization in organization is weak and Heter-organization has always been dominant; villagers'sports consciousness gradually increased, but still need to be improved.3. In general, under different backgrounds of times, the village sports vicissitudes presents different feature, which is exceeding or behind the social change speed; the vicissitudes of sports and culture's three-level presents time-ordered property, and it changes from the outer layer of material and technical to the core idea of sports.4. Problems exist in the vicissitudes of village sports:the modern sports are not integrated into the village sports; disadvantages exist in the supplying way of public goods; villagers'enthusiasm can not be mobilized by taking the village sports as an important content for people; the number of voluntary organization in village is less, and mainly relying on top-down management approach.Finally, suggestions in connection with the problems appear during the vicissitudes process of village sports are put forward.