College Entrance Examination Preferential Policy Research In The Perspective Of Stakeholder

The famous "difference equal" political principles admit the freedom right of equal competition among different groups and reduce the inequalities caused by the differences of classes. It is suitable for all public policies, including the College Entrance Examination Preferential policy. Just as Rawls in the "A Theory of Justice" said:" hope that by protecting the interests of vulnerable groups to achieve the social justice, and compensate the inequality of birth and talent, and only the unequal distribution is based on the improvement of their interests, then we can say it is justice. On the theory of education and human resources, this policy also is required to promote the students'comprehensive development, meet the needs of special talents. Although these ideas has been the foundation of government's special care for the special groups, at the new circumstances when the rapid development of higher education and people's diversity interest demands appeared, the policy meet many problems, and the interest conflict of different stakeholders is particularly evident. Based on differences social positions, power, wealthy and so on, the "interest points" to compensate and balance are mutating, and lead to greater injustice. This is the reason why I research this policy and its application conditions.This study uses the method of policy analysis. First, by sorting out this policy's objectives in different historical periods, and analysis the consistency of interest demands between government and policy stakeholders, to find the appropriate conditions for the effective implementation of the policy. Second, we make an investigation about the effectiveness of the policy, and then to assess its effectiveness and policy problems. Third, to analysis the reason for the variation or failure of the policy, and finally propose recommendations for the implementation of the policy. In order to enhance empirical of this research, this paper also used questionnaires, interviews and other survey methods. I prepared two volume of paper questionnaire for headmasters and students. A total of 260 questionnaires were issued, of which 50 questionnaires are for headmasters, and 210 ones are for students. Based on the need of research, I interviewed 10 interviews in total, including related executive leaders from City Board of Education and Examination authority, and turned into 18 interviews formation. Through theoretical analysis and empirical investigation, I try to provide the valuable materials for the research.This research is carried out on the stakeholder theory, and the analysis line is the different interest demands between stakeholders and their behavior choice for self-interest. We also need to make a clear understanding of the conflict between them, and based on that to establish a coordination mechanism. This study found that government's good intentions for policy has been not able to represent the diverse interest demands of citizens, as the policy applicable conditions have changed. People widely believed that the policy's implement was failed or varied in promoting the overall development of students and selecting special talents. For these problems, the fourth chapter mainly analyzes its reasons, and hold that one hand are unscientific policy design and imperfect monitor, the other hand are the lack of social environment for it's implementation and the interest conflicts between stakeholders. For the policy's future direction, we hold that it should be continued in a long time, but it need to be revised and reformed. There is a new policy of National education reform and development of long-term planning programs(2010-2020).It makes a proposal for the policy's reform:to strength the regulations construction of enrollment; To standardize the admission procedures; to clean and regulate the college entrance examination preferential policy. The last chapter is the revise measures, on the one hand, it need to establish the coordination mechanisms between different stakeholders and balance the allocation of educational resources:on the other hand, it need to improve the design and keep a strict supervision of policy implementation, finally, the implementation environment should be improved. I do hope that these studies can provide some contribution for the reform of the extra credit policy.