Research Into Value Orientation Of Chinese Higher Education In Modern Times

Chinese strategy "science and education prosper country" has improved thesciential and economic value in higher education outstanding mostly in the history.When place the stress on the social value, we find that the Noumenon value has beendistorted and covered, science rationality has surpassed the humanism, instrumenta1rationality are full of the whole higher education. So, it is the just time to review thematter of value. Researching into value orientation of Chinese higher education in modern timesfrom the perspective of history can reveal the different value orientations in differentstages, it is to say, can reveal what social factors influence the value orientations. Bythat we can find the regularity of value orientation and give much help to the reformof higher education in present age. The paper is composed of three parts. The first part gives some concepts. Thesecond part researches into the value orientation of Chinese higher education indifferent stages of modern times. The third part summarizes the value orientation andgives the practical significance. This paper is conducted with time passing, researching into the different valueorientations in different stages of modern times. The main content is as follow: In the period of Westernization Movement, with the policy of "self-strong" and"reach to rich", the higher education oriented to the political and economical value. In the period of the Reform Movement, there had the two sort of highereducation. One was belong to the group of Reform Movement. They were not onlynotice to the reform, and oriented to the instrument value, but also noticed to "exploitintelligence, cultivate new paper", and oriented to the Noumenon value. The otherhigher education belongs to government, still oriented to the political and economicalvalue. In the period of the 1911 Revolution early or late, the higher education orients tothe political value and economical value. Government's higher schools oriented toscience and technology value. The higher education under the leading of theCommunist Party worked for the revolution, oriented to the policy value. In the period of the Republic of China before 1949, the higher education ofGuoMin government oriented to the science and technology value, while all thehigher education under the leading of the Communist Party worked for the revolution,oriented to the policy value. In the turbulent modern times, Chinese higher education almost oriented toinstrument value, and became the instrument of social revolution。So it ignored theNoumenon value orientation. In the new times, Chinese strategy "science andeducation prosper country" makes the sciential value of higher education outstandingmostly. While when attach importance to instrument value highly, we ignore theessential status of the Noumenon value. The higher education has the character ofconcluding Noumenon and instrument value. When we take the instrument orientationof higher education, we could not ignore the Noumenon value.