| China's higher education from founded a nation already has approximately 60 years history to the present, joined WTO take 11sessions of three CCP plenary conferences and China as the symbol, we divided into it three stages. Previous 30 years (1,949—1,978) belong to the first stage, are the Chinese higher education start the time, because the political reason development are not extremely steady; Since the reform and open policy 20 years (1,978—1,999) have been the second stage, is time which the Chinese higher education develops with steady steps; Recently eight years (1,999—2,006) were the third stage, are China's higher education fast development times.The 21st century is information society, the knowledge economy time. The economical globalization, the technical globalization as well as the education globalization request higher education carries on there form, but the information technology appearance facilitated the methodology transformation, the whole world "the popularity" the higher education implementation has facilitated university graduates' quality seriously to glide down, we not only had to carry on there form to the higher education, moreover had to carry on the appraisal to the higher education quality, thus determined the correct development.Strides in for the 21st century, China's higher education is facing the unprecedented challenge and the opportunity. Under the new situation, must deepen the higher education reform, can adapt the economic restructuring. Impels one of higher education reform important methods are the higher education quality appraisal. Strengthens the higher education appraisal, enhances the higher education appraisal in the higher education reform status and the function, is the socialist market economy request.The higher education appraisal took a value judgement of the socialactivity, is, is for the solution society which exists for the higher education development to the higher education demand feasibility and the higher education meets the social need the possible contradiction to produce. Our country higher education appraisal is the judgement higher education is meeting the social need, satisfies politics, the economy, the cultural development, satisfies the student individuality development and the full scale development and so on many aspects realistic values and the latent process. The correct higher education appraisal should have the appraisal and the surveillance, diagnoses and engages in introspection, the guidance and the advice, the communication and the exchange, the feedback and the critique function.At present already formed the very many theories school of thought about the higher education appraisal, model qualitative appraisal method had take US's Stufflebeam as representative's decision-making center pattern, Leven for representative's expense - effect pattern, Sceliven drifts away the pattern for representative's goal, Ovens and Wolfe for representative's dissenter pattern; The quantitative evaluation has the fuzzy appraisal, the DEA appraisal, AHP appraisal and so on. What is most commonly used is the quota with decides the disposition union the level analytic method, it is frequently utilized to the multi- goals, the multi- criteria, the multi- essential factors, the multi-level non- structure complex decision-making question.Adopts any type in the higher education appraisal according to the government the behavior mainly to divide into three kind of patterns: Take Russia, France, Germany as representative's centralization pattern, take US, Canada and Japan as representative's government and folk consultation pattern, but also has is take England and Australia representative's instruction pattern.Manages from the higher education appraisal organization on, may divide into two big kinds of five patterns: A kind is Japan's emphasis take the university interior self- appraisal as the core pattern; Another one is four kinds, respectively is a France's dictatorship system, England's two-track system, Germany's rational branch level type and US'S virtual network structure divides power the system appraisal pattern.The overseas universities educates the quality the appraisal or ganization, approximately may divide into in the school and the extra curricular two kinds. The universities interior quality appraisal is the school self- appraisal. Namely all is equipped with the internal quality guarantee mechanism in the university, formulates the related quality control system, controls and appraises respective education standard and the quality, the development specialized self-appraisal.Outside universities' appraisal may divide into two kinds: One, by the universities the specialized agency appraisal which organizes for member's higher education association. Organize and the acknowledgement several dozens extracurricular higher education quality control and the appraisal organization by the educational circles or special occupation own separately carries on. This kind of appraisal main routine is: The first step, or specialized carries on by the school from comments. The second step, the extra curricular appraisal organization convenes by the professional education worker, the colleague expert, forms the appraisal group with the public representatives or specialized carries on the scene visit to the school, makes the appraisal and the suggestion, and wrote the appraisal report. The third step, the appraisal organization related committee appraises. In from comments the report, the appraisal report as well as the school or in the specialized feedback opinion foundation, to this school, this specialty draws the written. The appraisal organization retains because therefore as necessary or specialized carries on the inspection to the school the right. The school or specialized has when the material change must before hand obtain the related appraisal organization the authorization, connects in parallel fashion is inspected.Two is the media organization's quality appraisal. First, the American institutions of higher learning separately will classify according to the discipline and the area, divides into kinds of, two kind of, three kind of and four kind of four ranks. Second, according to several kind of projects collection, the reorganization related data which originally designs. Third, performs to collection each kind of data to judge, the reorganization, evaluates after testing the project to each to hit the minute. Fourth, each school obtained overall assessments cores points according to the similar colleges and universities in carries on the arrangement, finally obtains each colleges and universities in order list concrete order. The overseas higher education quality appraised the result took an important target by the government various departments, the scholarship committee, the foundation, the employer, is consulted consultant the personnel, the student which or possibly takes exam in the school student and so on the direct use.The overseas higher education quality appraised has the following characteristic: One is appraised the main body tends to the multiplication. At present over seas carries on the appraisal to the higher education quality the main body to have following several kinds: Government department, college and folk organization. The other is appraised the organization tends to the internationalization. At present the international society already established "the international higher education quality to guarantee the organization federation (INQAAHE)" and "transnational educated the global alliance (GATE)" are two internationalization organizations. Is mutually reports the higher education quality aspect related situation the information organization, another main making weight transnational education quality criterion, simultaneously begins in the implementation transnational educational evaluation to establish the international education system and its the quality safeguard system database. In addition, but also has some regional appraisal organization.Synthesizes in the strength place appraisal system in the university, most receives takes is the school prestige is equal to enterprise's quality brand, was deciding the society to university's attention degree, can attract the government and the society invests the corresponding fund into the school in. The library and the scientific research fund the situation then because the various countries adopts to the teaching books and reference materials and the scientific research item financial investment allocates funds the system and the way is widely divergent. Because the various countries' higher education system locates in the country ideology system the status and the function is different, the government always and indirectly intervenes regarding university's authority influence in the direct intervention two between makes the choice, and has to the middle development tendency.Our country higher education appraisal belongs to the centralization the government behavior pattern, has compulsory, the substantivity, the complexity and the dispute. Accompanies with government's higher education appraisal along with is the society to university's place, although the government does not encourage and supports from folk to university's place, but issued by the news media that, represents unofficial or the semi official view "the university order list", is forming one kind of international higher education management tidal current.Our country higher education appraisal target system by 1994comprehensive university, engineering course colleges and universities, agricultural colleges and universities, medicine colleges and universities, finance and economics colleges and universities, politics and law colleges and universities and so on altogether ten classified appraisals target system; Develops merges to1999 qualified, chooses superior and the random level appraisal; Again develops the present only to have a hope to be able to manifest the different appraisal request and the standard, appraises outstandingly, good, is qualified, the unqualified four scales ordinary college undergraduate course teaching work level appraisal system. The targets system includes a 7 level of target and characteristic project. Next supposes 18 two level of targets to divide into 38 influences teaching work the key aspect to take the main station again.Our country higher education quality appraisal defers to the unified ordinary undergraduate course teaching level appraisal target system, first carries on to 38 main stations hits the minute, then the basis corresponding weight calculates two levels of targets scoring points, finally defers to the appraisal result two levels of targets to carryon the synthesis to grade. Conclusion "outstanding" the standard is A at least has 15, C most much only can have 3, cannot have D (important project A at least to have 9, C only can have 1), the characteristic is bright; The conclusion "is good" the standard is A+B at least has15, D has 1 (important project A+B at least to have 9 most much, does not have D), has the characteristic project; The conclusion is "qualified" the standard is D has 3 most much, important project D only can have 1.In to the first 3 investigations result accent questioning volume and Jilin Province which already announces has commented the colleges and universities to obtain the following conclusion after the example concrete analysis:1. Our country present ordinary universities undergraduate course teaching quality appraised the work the positive role includes: The standard daily teaching work, further is clear about the school guiding ideology, promotes the school monitoring teaching quality, theimprovement basic school condition, the aspect to achieve remarkable success, but to improves the school tradition, promotes the student to progress, to enhance the school the social prestige and the teaching quality has the certain influence.2. through to appraised the work the effect analysis has also discovered the present universities teaching quality appraisal work mal practice: The target system design is unreasonable, the universities appraised cost excessively high, appraised the subject the administrative color too is thick, appraised the result the production not science as well as the appraisal function has not been able comprehensively to display. According to above to our country present higher education teaching quality appraisal and its the effect analysis, we puts forward several proposals that, Establishment science comprehensive classification appraisal target system; Reduces the highly effective appraisal cost, enhances the school benefit; The realization appraises the multiplication; Appraised the result and its produces fine arrives social the recognition; Full display appraisal each function.In summary, our country universities educational evaluation must truly achieve: By the national divides power the system appraised to is independent to government's authoritative social intermediary appraisal transformation; To in administrative levels appraisal transformation by unified standard; Forces the appraisal by the specialized agency to take the school society prestige the self- appraisal transformation. When appraisal process and result reduction, should maintain the transparency as far as possible, in order to the maintenance appraisal fair, fair, is public, causes the interior to appraise with exterior appraisal, the organization appraised with the society appraised can obtain the consistent conclusion. Thus causes our higher education to reform and to appraise can develop to the correct direction, our higher education will be able soon to catch up with the world leading level.
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