Study On Development Of Chinese Population And Financial Reform Of Higher Education

Since the eighties of the 20th century, the shortage of the funds for higher education had already become a world question, it is the general trends of financial reforms that widen the funds channel and raise the efficiency of investment in the higher education. Theory and practice have proved that absolute nationalization and absolute marketization couldn't resolve difficult of higher education, the only outlet is to share the cost of higher education according to the interests. The main part of this text is formed by four chapters, main view and content are as follows:Chapter 1 explained the basic principle of the human capital. In the chapter, we analyze relevant question of human capital investment. And argue that higher education is a industry of offering education service, higher school is a non-commercial organization, which only adopt the mechanism of lining up in assignment of basic resources.Chapter 2 analyze development of Chinese population and outlet of high educational financial reform. Under the restraint of resources, the scale, structure and quality of high educational development will be decided by the population factor, the contradiction between development of Chinese population with higher education resources will be motivation of financial reforms in higher education. The best outlet which resolve the financial crisis of higher education is market-oriented financial system reform.Chapter 3 research the cost and income of Chinese higher education. Cost of higher education divide into direct cost and indirect cost; Income of higher education include social income and private income. We have also calculated the cost and income of Chinese higher education in the chapter.Chapter 4 study the mode of cost share of higher education. The cost of higher education should be undertaken separately by the government, family, university, and enterprise. The cost shares of higher education should deal with relation question of efficiency and fair. From above research, we can draw the following conclusions in this text: First, human capital is the result of investment like other capital, higher education is one of the most representative forms of human capital investment. Second, Higher education is neither absolute industrialization nor absolute marketization. Third, the most main restraint that Chinese higher education face is demand for funds of higher education and limited financial resources of higher education.Finally we put forward the following policy recommend:First, the responsibility of government investment should be strengthened in the higher education.Second, we should rationally calculate cost of higher education.Third, we should change mode of government's appropriate founds in the higher education, turn government's direct appropriate founds into indirect appropriate founds.Fourth, we should perfect the system of student loans and subsidy.Fifth, we should standardize university's behavior, cut university's organization, and compress the operating cost of higher education.