Study Of Tenure In Universities And Colleges In USA

Tenure has been regarded as the most effective system arrangement by the western universities. In the history, tenure helps to protect academic freedom, and improve the higher education quality .As a result, it has promoted the academic prosperity, which has made the United States become more and more powerful. Although tenure confronts with doubts and challenges of many people, its legitimate basis is still firm and secure because of its advantages. It has several advantages such as protecting academic freedom, providing the professional security, encouraging outstanding talented person, promoting the competition and moving of the teachers' of universities, and so on. The teachers' personnel management becomes more and more important since the sources become more insufficient day by day. This article studies tenure in order to provide the reference to the personnel management of faculty.Chapter One is an introduction, which is mainly divided into six parts. It mainly discusses the reason of the study of tenure, the meaning of the study, the summary of the research abroad and in China, the train of thought and the order of my writing, the method of study and the new point of the content.Chapter Two explains the concept of tenure, and shows the concretes given by the different scholars. They think tenure from different sides. Secondly, this article elaborated the history of tenure in America as the order of time. In 1915, American Association of University Professors (AAUP) was established, which symbolized the first important stage of the development of tenure in America. For the first time, the academic rights of the teachers in the American universities were protected by the rule. In 1940,AAUP and Association of American colleges issued"Statement of Principles on Academic Freedom and Tenure."This statement was the second important period of the development of the Tenure in the American history. Thirdly it also discusses several doubts about tenure such as whether tenure makes academic position rigid, whether it hinders the development of academic freedom, and whether it protects the people without enterprising spirit and so on. Finally it analyses every doubt and infers that the post tenure review will be the trend of the tenure.Chapter Three analyses the bases of tenure. Firstly, tenure is the theoretic basis of academic. On the one hand Academic needs protection of tenure, on the other hand, tenure protects academic well. They can not be separated apart. Secondly, it analyses the actual base of tenure. Thirdly it analyses the law and psychological base. At last it makes a conclusion. Tenure protects academic freedom, it provides Professional safety to the professors, it is helpful to select the excellent talents, it makes competition between the professors much stronger, and so on.Chapter Four draws several inspiration to the personnel management of faculty. Firstly, it points out the disadvantages of the teacher personnel system management. For example the power of the university is not enough large, the method of managing teachers is too few. Then it proposes some suggestions to the personnel management of faculty.