Effects Of Zinc On Antioxidant System After Endurance Training And Exhaustive Exercise In Rats

Objective:Nowadays,abundant researches have been done on supplementary antioxidant all over the world.However,there are few researches on combining Zinc as an antioxidant with endurance training to slow the body's oxidative stress after exercise.Within the zinc-supplementary(ZS)to the rats in endurance training group and one time exhaustive exercise group,this experiment aims at observing the effects on anti-oxygen system,caspase-3,Bax/Bcl₂ after the supplementary of zinc to rats in endurance training group,one time exhaustive exercise group.This experiment is not only helpful to develop new antioxidant,but also provide new methodology for depressing the damage of body after physical exercises and recovering from defatigation.ZS is the unavoidable trend of athletic nutrition development as well as the new way of developing new antioxidant.Methods:There were the 1 week adaptive swimming exercise for the 32 male Sprange—Dawley rats before the main experiment.The training time is once a day, which the 1 st and 2nd day were swimming for 15 minutes;the 3rd and 4th day 20 minutes and the 5th day 30 minutes.After the adaptive swimming training,all rats were divided into 4 groups randomly.The 4 groups are control group(D),endurance training group(X),endurance training with ZS(Y)and one time exhaustive exercise with ZS group(L).X group and Y group have been trained for 6 weeks of endurance swimming,which 6 days training per week.The water temperature was controlled about 30℃.In every training day,the rats swam for 45 minutes during 1st-2nd week; the 3rd -4th week 60 minutes and 5th-6th week 90 minutes.An exhaustive exercise is in the same swimming pool at the day of acquiring materials.Every 15 minutes,2 rats were put into the swimming pool,and swam till exhaustion.The judgment rules of exhaustion are as followings:the rats swam under the water continuously,sank into water for more than 10 seconds and could not float freely.The rats' four limbs exercises are mismatch.The rats are choking.After taking out from the water,the rats did not have body-righting reflex.If the above mentioned situations appeared,we can judge the rats were exhausted.Then we can take these rats out from the water and kill them.Take out of the cardiac muscle,liver,gastrocnemius from the rats and measurement every indicatrix. Results:(1)The activity of SOD:The activity of SOD in cardiac muscle,liver, gastrocnemius at X group is higher than those of D group.The activity of SOD in cardiac muscle,liver,gastrocnemius at Y group is higher than those of D group too. The activity of SOD in liver,gastrocnemius at Y group is higher than those of L group. The activity of SOD in liver at L group is lower than those of D group.The activity of SOD in gastrocnemius at Y group is lower than those of X group.(2)The activity of GPX in gastrocnemius at X group are higher than those of D group.The activity of GPX in cardiac muscle,liver at D group is higher than those of L group.But the activity of GPX in gastrocnemius at D group is lower than those of L group.The activity of GPX in all of the cardiac muscle,liver,gastrocnemius at Y group is higher than those of L group.The activity of GPX in liver,gastrocnemius at Y group is higher than those of X group and D group.(3)The activity of T-AOC in cardiac muscle,gastrocnemius at X group are higher than those of D group.The activity of T-AOC in cardiac muscle,liver at Y group is higher than those of D group.The activity of T-AOC in cardiac muscle,liver at L group is higher than those of D group.The activity of T-AOC in cardiac muscle,liver at Y group is higher than those of X group.But the activity of T-AOC in gastrocnemius at X group is higher than those of Y group.The activity of T-AOC in cardiac muscle,liver at Y group is higher than those of L group.But the activity of T-AOC in gastrocnemius at Y group is lower than those of L group.(4)The activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in cardiac muscle at X group is higher than those of D group.But the activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in liver at X group is lower than those of D group.The activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in cardiac muscle and liver at Y group are higher than those of D group.The activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in cardiac muscle at Y group is higher than those of L group.The activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in liver at Y group is higher than those of X group.(5)The activity of caspase-3:The activity of caspase-3 in liver at X group,Y group and L group is all have no significant difference.The activity of caspase-3 in liver at X group is lower than those of D group.(6)The contents of Bax/Bcl₂:The contents of Bax in gastrocnemius at X group are lower than those of D group.The contents of Bcl₂ in gastrocnemius at X group are higher than those of D group.The contents of Bax in gastrocnemius at Y group are lower than those of D group.The contents of Bcl₂ in gastrocnemius at Y group are higher than those of D group.The contents of Bax/Bcl₂ in gastrocnemius at L group are all higher than those of D group.The contents of Bax in gastrocnemius at Y group are lower than those of X group.The contents of Bcl₂ in gastrocnemius at Y group are higher than those of X group.The contents of Bax in gastrocnemius at Y group are lower than those of L group.The contents of Bcl₂ in gastrocnemius at Y group are higher than those of L group.Conclusions:(1)Take the rats for long time endurance training with ZS,at the same time,this will have different influence to different tissue.The change of anti-oxygen state in gastrocnemius of endurance training rats is better than those in cardiac muscle and liver.Anti-oxygen of endurance training with ZS has distinct effect in the cardiac muscle and liver.Exhaustive exercises with ZS have the best effect on gastrocnemius. But some antioxidase in the cardiac muscle and liver has the trend of decrease.It illustrates that ZS cannot eliminate the oxidative stress in the cardiac muscle and liver after exhaustive exercises completely.Therefore,we can conclude that zinc has certain effect on preventing fatigue after acute strenuous exercise in skeletal muscle; and combines zinc with endurance training can improve the ability of anti-oxygen of the cardiac muscle and liver.(2)On the basis of endurance training,the usage of zinc can improve the ability of anti-oxygen as well as kinestism ability.Besides,it can relieve tiredness and can prevent the cellular membrane from decreasing of fluidity and damage.Zinc can also eliminate the damage of cellular membrane of rats which underwent exhausted exercises.Then it can protect the cellular membrane lipid double-deck structure from damage and can prevent appearing of cellular membrane with decreasing of fluidity.(3)The effect of Endurance training,endurance training with ZS and exhaustive exercise with ZS is different in skeletal muscle and liver of caspase-3, Bax/Bcl₂.Endurance training can reduce the activity caspase-3 in the liver and the content of Bax in skeletal muscle.It boosts the content of Bcl 2 in skeletal muscle. The effect of endurance training with the ZS is obvious than the endurance training in skeletal muscle while no conspicuous influence observed to rats' liver caspase-3.ZS has the ability to prevent the rise of activity of caspase-3 in liver from exhaustive exercise.However,ZS can increase the content of Bcl-2 in skeletal muscle after one time exhaustive exercise while cannot reduce the content of Bax in skeletal muscle. Therefore,further study required on whether exhaustive exercise with ZS can result in apoptosis of skeletal muscle.