The Internal Accounting Control Of Universities In China

This opening the internal accounting control of colleges and universities are reviewed,Introduces the origin of internal accounting control of universities introduced the origin of internal accounting control of colleges and universities,Theoretical basis and internal accounting control framework.In China, higher education managed directly by the Government is transiting from its original form to government's macroeconomic management to the community schools. Colleges and universities financial management system arising from the tremendous changes in the environment makes internal more and more important and difficult. In recent years, some colleges and universities have been involving in the economic cases makes us has clearly seen the importance of internal controls. A sound internal accounting control system in colleges and universities can ensure teaching and research work in the normal way, can protect State-owned Assets using in a safe complete and effective way, can improve the accuracy and reliability of economic accounting, can promote national principles and policies of the implementation, can evaluate educational effectiveness of colleges and universities and improve colleges and universities management level.Internal accounting control theory evolutes within four stages: internal containment phase, the internal control phase, the internal control structure, internal control of overall framework. The four stages of internal accounting controls theory and methods of research have more important effect which allows people to experience a complete understanding process from the vague idea to clear concept. The modern internal accounting controls concept integrated ancient and modern management thinking and practical experience, and with the socio-economic development continue to improve. Internal accounting control sets up based on control theory especially on economic control theory which is a scientific and rational management tools. According to COSO report, internal accounting controls designed to colleges and universities'framework: control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, monitoring. Environment control is the basis for the internal control framework, and controlled activity is a key element to achieve the internal control objectives, while the purpose of risk assessment aims at providing the basis of selecting the control measures, and control activities should be based on risk assessment to determine the control measures. While the risk assessment and control activities within colleges and universities have to rely on effective communication of information and implement effective monitoring the fact that in order to protect the quality of internal controls.This paper analyzes the status of a colleges and universities internal accounting system aims at studying China's colleges and universities internal accounting control problems. In the absence of specific colleges and universities and universities system of internal accounting controls and guidance measures, colleges and universities and universities'own internal control system not perfect, the existing internal control system established not tight enough, the internal accounting control systems'content, constrain objects, scope are not comprehensive enough. Colleges and universities of internal accounting control system are flawed and there are many weak links, so that there are serious hidden dangers about safety and security of colleges and universities property. In China, most universities have not established a general accounting system. Some colleges and universities leaders due to being lack of a sense of law, knowledge, internal control and lax discipline and or other reasons, do not focus on internal controls. Universities need to set the chief accountant to assist the schools (School) long overall leadership of the school finance. In order to ensure the healthy development of higher education, cultivating high-quality talent and scale to achieve development objectives, allocate effectively economic resources, give full play to its role in safeguarding the security and integrity of school property, prevent their loss, they must provide true and reliable and complete economic information. The budget of management is imperfect. Layout of the financial sector and the school department budget was not the same on time; Budge is lack of authority and seriousness; budget execution has not been established corresponding tracking, analysis and evaluation systems. Limitations of internal control environment colleges and universities and universities have had an impact which shown: external oversight is fatigue; the pressure of the implementation in internal control is inadequate; the understanding for the importance of internal controls is not enough; managers quality needs to be raised; some colleges and universities and universities workers professionals is low; the supervision of the main internal control mechanism is not sound, and the degree of supervision needs to be improved.Based on the third part mainly introduced the university internal accounting control principle and method of internal accounting control of colleges and universities. in order to further improve the internal accounting control mechanisms, Colleges and universities and Universities must attach great importance to set up internal accounting controls, strengthen internal accounting controls, strict constraints of internal accounting control of all personnel involved to ensure that the internal job set a reasonable and rational division of functions and powers, truly incompatible positions separated from each other, mutual restraint, mutual supervision, this is the only way to control corruption from the source and system to prevent risks, to ensure the accounting information of being true, lawful, complete and to improve the quality of accounting information. Colleges and universities and universities could make financial management more standardized, systematized and scientific.In view of the above university internal accounting control, this paper puts forward the fourth part of the internal accounting control system design mainly follow the three steps: first anglicizing the internal organizational structure and identify universities objectives of internal controls; secondly to determine the respective control subsystem in the course of the key links; and finally with the file or the system form conveying to the school. This paper references internal control theory released internal accounting control standards in China's combined with the characteristics of colleges and universities and universities accounting controls to design our schools internal counting system. In many areas of expenditures, control of choice, fixed assets, the project are three most likely to cause errors and fraud, causing damage to the school affect school development. Expenditures control design, mainly from the fixed budget for running costs, the use of norms and accounting, reimbursement, cost imputation calculation, variance analysis, assessment and punishments links critical control points to control, to prevent indiscriminate use of funds, indiscriminate support costs, cost control and other issues . The fixed assets control design is mainly built on good internal control system, requiring specialized agencies and personnel the use, storage of fixed assets, and requested the asset management departments on a regular basis according to the book records and other relevant records inventory of all fixed assets which could ensure the account match the reality. Internal control projects, mainly from the opportunity studies, feasibility studies, project feasibility studies, project decision-making, design and construction bidding, construction, completion and acceptance, final accounts, and so many areas of control, to prevent the decision-making mistakes, to contain and combat engineering project bidding, contracts, construction, inspection and other services in economic crime. From this research conclusion, to strengthen our internal accounting control will help strengthen the financial management of colleges and universities and universities to improve efficiency in the use of funds and ensure that accounting information of the true and complete. Improving Colleges and universities of internal accounting control system, and strengthen self-discipline mechanism in colleges and universities and universities, comprehensive maintenance of financial and economic law, regulations, and strengthen risk prevention capability. All colleges and universities and universities should examine its internal control to discover problems and find solutions to, and establish a set of actual lines to ensure that colleges and universities and universities and property safety to improve the management level and to ensure the smooth progress development of universities.