Research On Causal Explanation In Social Science

In the social scientific point of view, causal relationship is fundamental and basic link among common phenomenon of objective things. At the same time, it is also one of the basic problems and has a very important position of philosophy in social science, which involves many basic world problems. Anything is inevitable with its internal causes and external causes in the real world. Scientific research is a kind of method which finds out the phenomenon of social sciences in a variety of causal relationship. The various phenomena of the development and understanding of cause and effect changes in the law, and explain exactly, objectively fact, in order to understand the phenomenon of causal laws. As Lenin said: "The causality issue has determination of any one of the latest 'ism' of the philosophical line has a special significance", because it is a scientific explanation why the things that "exist" and to make causal aspects of "under". Even Hobbes thinks philosophy is the science of relationship between causes and consequences. Therefore, an expert says "Explore the causal relationship is a trend of the nature in the human spirit." We face increasingly complex social and scientific condition, research methods become more sophisticated and rigorous in social science, and the causal explanation as the research methods in basic social science, its importance has become increasingly prominent and it plays key and decisive role in the operation. Although someone has their idea of causality, but so far, the descriptions of cause and effect relationship is still in a state of scattered, they express their view and the whole is a different situation and did not conduct a consistent review of science systems.The thesis is divided into three parts:the first is described the social sciences make causal. In this section, I emphasis on the causal explanation of the origin from the ancient source through develop to the recent state on abroad, as well as the impact of various aspects of the humanities. The second part of causal explanation in social science theory focuses on two main aspects:one hand, we discuss the unique ideology of causal explanation and focus on explain its own unique probable nature, and established theoretical basis. Another hand, we elaborated causal reasoning forms in the social sciences and take some corresponding examples to prove. It has three types:The case-study method, the comparative method and Mill's methods. The last part is the development of the causal explanation in social science. On the one hand, it is the causal explanation of the meaning. On the other hand, it is the deficiencies and improving in causal explanation. To above discussion, we expressed some mechanisms and methods of causal explanation and make a conclusion about causal explanation of social science, and the fundamental methods and limitations in the social sciences and use other method to add and improved causal explanation.Research papers show causal explanation is the core in the method of social science, it is dominant position whether in theory or in reality studies. Meanwhile, it is the fundamental theoretical basis of interpretation theory, functional and structural explanation, and rational choice explanation and so on.