Analyse On Our National Elite Swimmers Starting And Turnning Techniques

In the 1896,the first modern Olympic Games, swimming race was one of the competitive sports,only freestyle(100 meters,500 meters and 1200 meters). Today there were 4 swimming style (butterfly, breaststroke, freestyle and backstroke),34 items.In order to prepare for 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, swimming, track and field, and aquatic sports set as "119 Project" by the State General Administration of Sport, hoping to achieve a breakthrough in the three items. Chinese swimming team performance ups and downs, over the past 20 years, in the 1992na Barcelo the Olympic Games, the Chinese team has made four gold medal, five silver medal and break two world record. In 2000, sydney olympic games, China Team fall into the bottom and miss medals.After that the Chinese team rebounded in 2008 Olympic Games, Chinese swimming team got one gold medal,3 silver and 4 bronze medals. Chinese swimmers compared to and the world elite athlete still have a large gap, in the Beijing Olympics, the U.S. player Michael Phelps get eight gold medals and break the world record 7 times, becoming the first athlete got 14 gold medals in Olympic Games.The purpose of the study, want to find out the technical characteristics of our national top level swimmers,and the subjects come from 2009 April National Swimming Championships in Shaoxing,and 11th National Games,50 meters,100 meters and 200 meters finals and semi-finals of the butterfly, breaststroke and freestyle elite swimmers,107women's and 112 men participated in the study, provide practical and theoretical basis for coaches and athletes, engaged to perfect the skills and improved Sports campaign ability.In this study, using two video camera (Japanese Sony company HVR-V 1C/1 high-definition digital camcorder), filming rate of 25 frames/sec,one camera set at the place of start, another was setted at 15 meters from the start. Underwater video camera was produced by Shenzhen City of Department of Information Technology Co., Ltd. (DV-24520CDW), CCD imaging, f=6mm.The video was analysed with SIMI-Motion, Dartfish ProSuite video analysis system, part of the video using Adobe Affter Effect software for analysis.The results showes that:1). There were significant differences between two different start tecqniques on reaction time and block time,performance for the track start in reaction time and block time is shorter than grasp start.2). There was exist some extent singnifecant differeces between two differents starting techniques on the speed of the body at the time the athletes leave the block, result showes track start have higher speed than grab start.3). There was significant differences in accelerate time between two different starting techniques,the accelerate time of the track start was shorter than grab start.4).There were no significant differences in flight time and slide time between two different start techniques.5).There were exist some extent singnifecant differeces in start-15-time between two different start techniques.6).With the athlete'physical ability decline, the instantaneous velocity of after turnning was on descending.7.1n 200m items,the turning-15-time was on ascending in 50m,100m and150m place.8). Some of the athletes turn too premature to affect the after turnning instantaneous velocity.9).In breaststroke and butterfly,some of the swimmers abdominal curl and leg curl was not enough,added the water drag resistance and affect the turnning velocity.