Determination Of Physical Properties Of Water Extracts From Cold Preserved Granules And Establishment Of Related Mathematical Models

1 ObjectiveThe measurement of apparent viscosity, thermal conductivity of Ganmao Tuire granules medicinal materials water extract, ethyl alcohol precipitation fluid, Isatidis Folium water extract, Isatidis Radix extract, Forsythiae Fructus extract, Bistortae Rhizoma extract at different concentrations and various temperatures and specific heat capacity at different concentrations. Analysis of the relationship between temperature, concentration and apparent viscosity, thermal conductivity; the relationship between concentration and specific heat capacity of the extracts. Compare the physical property differences between Ganmao Tuire granules medicinal materials water extract and ethyl alcohol precipitation fluid. Analyse the connection of physical property between mixed extraction and single extraction may exist.2 Method(1) Sample preparation:All the water extracts were extracted with water through heating reflux extraction and the extracts were concentrated to different concentrations using a rotary evaporator at reduced pressure with 70℃.(2) Determination of the density and Brix:The Density of different concentrations of extracts were measured at 20℃ by float glass densitometer, and the Brix was measured at room temperature by the Abbe Refractometer which was corrected by high purity water at room temperature.(3) Determination of physical property parameters:The apparent viscosity, thermal conductivity were measured respectively by the rotary viscometer, instantaneous double hot wire thermal conductivity meter at different concentrations and various temperatures; the specific heat capacity was measured by equivalent method specific heat calorimeter at different temperatures.(4) Data analysis:Based on the experimental data, using Mecrosoft Excel for linear regression, exponential regression, power function regression analysis of one dimension; using lstOpt data analysis software for linear and nonlinear regression of two dimensions; using matlab to make the three-dimensional diagram.3 Results(1) The linear regression equation of Concentration-Density and Concentration-Brix were established.The Brix was chosen as the method for correcting and indicating concentration of the extracts after overall consideration.(2) Arrhenius equation:η= Koexp(Ea/RT) can be used for indicating the relationship between temperature and apparent viscosity of herbal extract. The exponential function model:η= a·exp(b·C) can be used for indicating the relationship between concentration and apparent viscosity of herbal extract. The model:η= a·exp(Ea/RT+b·C) can be used for indicating the combination effect of temperature and concentration on apparent viscosity of herbal extract with a preliminary definition.(3) The relationship between thermal conductivity of herbal extract and temperature was negative linear correlation with a preliminary definition, so was the concentration. The relationship can be expressed in λ= a-cT and λ= a-bC. The combine effect of temperature and concentration on the thermal conductivity can be expressed in λ= a-bC-cT-dCT.(4) The relationship between specific heat capacity of herbal extract and concentration was negative linear correlation which can be expressed in Cp=a-bC.(5) Compared to the same concentration co-extraction of Ganmao Tuire granules medicinal materials, the alcohol precipitation liquid has a lower apparent viscosity, a higher thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. The terminal point of ethyl alcohol for Ganmao Tuire granules medicinal materials mixed extract was 50%. Hence, the existence of polysaccharides and starch additives had a significant effect on apparent viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat of herbal medicine extract.(6) Thermal conductivity of mixed extract of medicinal materials of Ganmao Tuire granules had agreement with the four kinds of single liquid water extract in 90% confidence interval and specific heat capacity with 97.5%.4 ConclusionsTraditional Chinese medicinal materials extract has universal significance in the industrial production of Chinese patent medicine, involving a series of process such as stirring, evaporating, filtrating, emulsifying, homogenizing, atomizing, concentrating and sterilization. In the process, apparent viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat have a comprehensive effect on the character of heat transfer and mass transfer. These physical properties of the different extracts are of remarkable difference at different temperatures and various concentrations, which determined the different requirements of instrument and equipment. This study provides data support and theoretical guidance for the production of Ganmao Tuire granules and physical property parameters of water extract of medicinal materials related. The research will have a guidence meaning in the selection and design of production equipment.