| As the cognitive and thinking modes we live by, metaphor is of great significance to reveal the cognitive mechanism. However, due to the diversity and concealment of metaphors, and the limitations of metaphor theories, the computer-based study of metaphor has been beset by difficulties.Modern metaphor theory holds that, on the classification of form of metaphor, metaphor can be divided into explicit metaphor (simile) and implicit metaphor, simile is an important form of metaphor. A typical sentence in modern Chinese Simile is "A xiang B", pointing out the ontology and metaphors, metaphorical words. Because of the dominant characteristics of simile, with bold combination of conceptual integration theory, we can try to explore the cognitive mechanism of simile through the Computerized method.In the first part of the thesis, conceptual metaphor theory and conceptual integration theory are compared. The main difference between the two theories lies in how the subaudition is obtained, which is the limitation of conceptual metaphor theory and the development of conceptual integration theory. Compared with conceptual metaphor theory, conceptual integration theory highlights the critical role of one’s experience and knowledge base in understanding.In the second part,with the modern Chinese simile sentences that contain the metaphorical word "xiang (as)" as the study object, the thesis selects 2,110 simile sentences from Cognitive Attribute Corpus [that includes 1,000,000 sentences in the pattern of "A xiang B yiyang C (A is as C as B)" from website] in my college, mark out the object, metaphorical word, image and ground of the simile sentences, and build a corpus of modern Chinese simile as the base of the thesis.In the third part, statistical analysis is made based on the corpus. The number of alternative type of simile sentence is the largest, with 1,042 sentences accounting for 49.4%. As for the simile modes, the "object+metaphorical word+image+ground" mode, with 830 examples, has the largest number, accounting for 39.3%. Apart from that, there are another 16 modes. After analyzing the length of metaphorical elements, it has been found that the length of each metaphorical element is mainly no more than six words. And the case that the length is over 10 words is rather rare on the whole.In the fourth part, "four-space" mode of conceptual integration theory is applied to explain in detail two types of simile sentences-ground existing type and hidden ground and comprehensible sentence type, and describe in brief the hidden ground and incomprehensible sentence type.In the explanation, we first attempt to combine with data in cognitive attribute database we previous established explaining the reason why three kinds of simile sentence be understood or not understood.To be understood or not Mainly depends on whether emergent effect occurred in the integration space will connect cognition on the new things with our own experience or not.In the end, Conditional Random Field (CRFs) mode is used to identify the object, image, ground,Metaphorical words in simile sentences with xiang. Appropriate feature templates are chosen outstanding "xiang... yiyang... " marker effect and some language features, e.g. part of speech etc., are added in order to help the identification.Experiments show that,After outstanding "xiang... yiyang... ",the correct rate,recall rate and F value were higher.Effect optimal template is 7w+7p’+3wp’ (word length is 7, length of parts of speech is 7,3 words and 3 parts of speech while co-occurrence), F value is 76.11%. |
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