On Tan Sitong 's Spirit Of "Benevolence" And Its Value

This article attempts to use the way of “Zhi Ren Lun Shi,Yi Yi Ni Zhi”to interpret the spirit of benevolence of Tan Sitong, to discusses its modern significance. Overview in this paper, the basic framework and views are as follows: the full text be divided into four chapters. The first chapter is introduction, including three aspects, as the main sense of the article expatiates, the research status at home and abroad, the innovation of methodology. I intend to pointed out briefly that there are methodological oneness and of its modern significance estimates problems as inadequate in the domestic and foreign research of Tan Sitong. At the same time also reflects on several limitations of this article.The second chapter mainly discusses the situation and the situation feelings of Tan Sitong.I want to point out that the Tan Sitong benevolence spirit was in brewing of the situation of "the great change of history, ideological crisis".In the part of situation feelings, it is pointed out that because of history and personal situation that produced three kinds of situation feelings, such as, the consciousness of death consciousness, suffering consciousness, and altruistic, those factors together made up the unique spirit world of Tan Sitong.The third chapter is a detailed in-depth analysis to explore the essence of the spirit of Tan Sitong benevolence and its performance. This article insists that the fundamental spirit of Tan Sitong benevolence is a kind of the spirit of "tong", of “ the one " spirit, of harmony spirit. " Benevolence is tong ”such as Tan Sitong described, the spirit of benevolence is the answer which Tan Sitong answer to the situation, also is a kind of sublimate. It answered the basic problem on the aspect of ontology, namely, what is and what to do. As the people is benevolence from the ontological, one and the other are mutual accommodation, and therefore he is responsible for the other, if in the face of the callousness of social reality, it turned into a fierce pursuit critical spirit, critical is the tool. At the same time, this spirit of benevolence, is not achieved overnight, it had a moral theory foundation, needs to have a real practical kung fu. The spirit just like a spring water, copious noted, performance on the matter phase, is embodied as the unity of quality. Therefore this paper to specific on the spirit of benevolence as follows, the bear spirit, the critical spirit and the quality of the unity.The last chapter discusses the modern significance of benevolence spirit. Firstly, this paper discusses the situation of our country, namely, the modern situation, the plight of alienation and the pressure of transition.Pointed out our country’s modernization is a kind of later development, and because of misunderstanding the meaning of modernization, therefore confronted with danger of western alienation.At the same time because the society is transition from agricultural civilization to industrial civilization, from industrial civilization to the post-industrial civilization, dual historical tasks make great pressures. Secondly, this paper discusses the value of modern Chinese confusion, indicated that under the joint action of above factors, the countrymen in relationship of man and nature, of people with people and between human themselves,are all confusion. The cause of those triple issues confusion are lack of ultimate value. Finally, point out benevolence is a kind of spirit of the ultimate value, and discusses the three function of benevolence, namely, the fundamentality of benevolence, benevolence is a reflection of human transcendence and benevolence is thought link of harmonious society.