Research On Topology Control For Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Cellular Clustering

With the advancement of microelectronics technology, MEMS, SoC, wireless communication technology, nanometer material, signal processing technology, computer network technology and the rapid development of Internet, the traditional sensor information acquisition technology has developed from the one-way mode to the mode of integration, miniaturization, even to intelligence and networking which has become one of the most important and the most fundamental techniques.In recent years, the international academic circle and the industry circle have taken great interest in the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology which has wide application prospect in the field of industry, military, environment etc. Node location as the key support technology and research hotspots in wireless sensor networks has great significance to the basic theory and the basic research of application in the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN).In the WSN, the Sensor Nodes are usually made by the embedded devices which are battery-powered. These Nodes have the low-cost and small cubage features. Because the limitations of the battery supply ability, the Nodes also are limited in the aspects of computation and communication. So the importance of the topology of the network is very significant to the self-coordination WSN. Such thing not only can improve the efficiency of the network routing protocol and MAC protocol, but also can improve so many functions in data fusion, time synchronization and target locating. At last, the life time of the network can be extending. So the network topology of the WSN is becoming one of the focuses of researches in this field.Firstly, the paper introduces the related concept of the WSN and the Research Overview of the topology control. The classic clustering algorithm of the WSN is also described in detail. The disadvantage of classic LEACH algorithm is analyzed, such as, unevenly clustering, unreasonable choosing of the cluster-head and the energy consumption in communication etc., so that a topology control algorithm for WSN based on cellular clustering is proposed—LEACH-Z algorithm. This algorithm divides the detected area into several regular hexagon sub-areas as the cellular structure to keep the clustering process balance. The nodes'remained energy and locations are fully considered in the cluster-head's generation mechanism.So, a new mechanism has proposed which relies on the trunk node to transmit the data information in order to make the cluster-head nodes not have to communicate with the BS node directly and to reduce the energy consumption. Then, using the Network Simulator2 (NS2) to have the simulation experiment with the proposed and improved protocol and to compare the outcome of the simulation experiment with the LEACH algorithm. The experiment shows the LEACH-Z algorithm, which is based on the LEACH algorithm, has a more obvious node energy load balancing and a longer time of the node and network lifetime and a remarkable progress of the network throughput.