Design Of Wireless Meter Reading System Based On ZigBee Technology

With the rapid development of economy and society, people's demands of electric power are increasing quickly, at the same time, the cost and difficulty for electricity power management are more and more serious. The traditional meter reading technology has been unable to meet current needs. ZigBee is a low-cost, low data rate, low power, low complexity of wireless communication technology that can meet the requirements of wireless meter reading meter for the cost of network capacity and security. It has broad market prospects in meter reading field.In theory, this paper first studied the technical characteristics of ZigBee protocol mainly focused on the framework. The functions and processes of physical layer, MAC layer, network layer and application layer are given in this paper. Secondly several core chips in hardware platform are introduced: CC2430 of ZigBee chip, ATT7053 for energy measurement IC, GTM900 for GPRS module, S3C2410 of ARM9 control core.This paper divides the design of wireless meter reading system into two aspects:hardware design and software design based on ZigBee technology. The system improves efficiency and reduces costs of meter reading. For hardware, the entire meter reading system is divided into three layers:meter reading terminal layer, the gateway layer ande remote management. The basic unit of energy measurement is the meter that designed based on ATT7053 electronic meters, and CC2430radio module is added. ATT7053 with SPI interface is a single-phase metering chip, the data can be transformed into electrical energy consumption pulse output, suitable for residential electricity metering. CC2430 integrates a super-industry-standard 8051 core controller. CC2430 can communicate via SPI with the ATT7053 and achieve of the energy pulse to read and send data. This meter is designed peripheral hardware, including input current and voltage sampling circuit, the output pulse circuit, SPI interface communication circuit. The design of wireless gateway is based on ARM9 S3C2410 controller to connect the ZigBee network and external networks via GPRS module. This paper chooses Huawei GTM900 for design of GPRS module. In addition, the gateway device is a coordinator which is responsible for ZigBee network construction and management of ZigBee nodes. The powerful computing and storage modules in ARM9 controller fully meet the requirements of management tasks. Remote management is designed to provide man-machine interface, easy to view and meter reading data, such as commands issued to facilitate the management. The interface development is designed based on Mircosoft Visual Studio 2008, using the C# programming language. For software, this paper was developed based on Atmel's IAR Embedded Workbench integrated development environment and the TI's Z-Stack protocol provided by the stack, the preparation of a meter reading system module driver. Meter program design is based on ATT7053 SPI communication timing. The core program of ZigBee networking is designed to judge and handle interrupt events.Finally, this paper build the platform and the whole system, and had the measurement of meter reading accuracy and communication immunity test between ZigBee nodes. After the experimental testing, it shows that the wireless meter reading system can work very well and achieve the network construction. The electrical power data can be transmitted to the management center to achieve the desired design requirements.