Negotiation Based Task Allocation Scheme For Wireless Sensor Network

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a self-organizing wireless network which is composed of a set of random geographically distributed sensors. It has limited node energy, computing power and high dynamical network environment. Various applications of WSNs are popular in nowadays, and an application can be decomposed into specific tasks. It is a key issue to allocate these tasks on different nodes in network. Since WSN is self organized, we can allocate tasks by negotiation. Negotiation is an efficient method to allocate task in WSN because sensor nodes have self determination and they can assign tasks according to their capabilities or residual energy without artificial involved.Due to the resource-constrained and distributed nature of WSN, two task allocation methods based on multi-agent system were proposed for two different scenarios.Based on negotiation technology of MAS, this paper mainly did work for wireless sensor network task allocation as follows:Systematically introduces the basic concepts of wireless sensor network, sensor node component and related information about WSN architecture.Research has been carried out on the current task allocation technology for wireless sensor network. Analysis has been made among the main methods about their respective advantages and disadvantages, and then the multi-agent negotiation technology was selected as this study focus through analysis and comparison.Systematically introduced in the multi-agent systems negotiation techniques, and Conducted in-depth analysis on the auction technology and contract nets technology;Two task allocation algorithms were proposed for different scenarios according to the wireless sensor network characteristics of task allocation. One is "Fast Low-power Single-task Task Allocation Algorithm", and another is "Cluster-based Contract Net Protocol Task Allocation Algorithm". First, a network model that contains energy factors is established. Then, the auction model and CNP model were improved according to nodes'energy consumption model. A reasoning model is used to generate offer and counter offer so as to improve flexibility. Experiments were conducted on the algorithm. The simulation results of modal analysis show that the models meet the design requirement. The simulation results show that the allocation model has outstanding performance maintaining a fair energy balance and is energy efficient in negotiation process.By choosing appropriate negotiation methods, and through the improvement for existing algorithms, WSN can allocate tasks autonomously by negotiation, and finally achieve the goal of reduce traffic, balanced load and save resources. This makes the task execution efficiency improved, and prolongs the network life cycle.